OIL POLLUTION LEVEL IN SEA WATER AND SEDIMENTS OF TURKISH STRAITS (BOSPHORUS, SEA OF MARMARA, DARDANELLES) AND GOLDEN HORN DURING 2004-2007

Oil pollution level in sea water and sediments of Turkish Straits (Bosphorus, Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles) and Golden Horn during 2004-2007

Kasım Cemal Güven, Filiz Nesimigil, Selin Cumalı, Ahmet Yalçın, Burak Çoban

Turkish Research Marine Foundation (TUDAV), Beykoz, 10, Istanbul, TURKEY
Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Science and Management, Vefa, Istanbul, TURKEY
Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Zonguldak, TURKEY

Abstract

In this paper oil pollution levels were determined in sea water and sediments of Turkish Straits (Bosphorus, Sea of Marmara, and Dardanelles) and additionally Golden Horn during 2004-2007. Oil concentrations were varied in examined area. The highest oil levels found in sea water were: in 2004 in Bosphorus B7 at 10 m depth 1512.73 μg/l, in 2005 at K0 therm., 3173.67 μg/l, in 2006 at KK 1307.55 μg/l and in 2007 at B13 therm., 1243.61μg/l. The highest oil amount found in sediments were: in 2004 in Sea of Marmara at MKC 1238.40 μg/g, in 2005 at MK 2763.76 μg/g, in 2006 at MK 1859.10 μg/g. The cause of high pollution levels is: for Bosphorus heavy ship traffic, for Sea of Marmara illegal discharge of ballast water from tankers came to Izmit refinery and sewage of urban/industrial water and for Golden Horn heavy boats traffic. It was observed in some stations a relationship on pollution levels between sea water and sediment.

Keywords: Bosphorus, Golden Horn, Sea of Marmara, Dardenelles, oil pollution

pdf-dl icon

References

Annon (1993). U.N. Environment Programme Report No: 50.

Baştürk, Ö., Yılmaz, A., Saydam, A.C. and Salihoğlu, İ. (1988). Oceanography of the Turkish Straits, Second Annual Report, Volume II. Health of the Turkish Straits chemical and environmental aspects of the Sea of Marmara and Golden Horn, METU, Erdemli, İçel.

Cumalı, S. and Güven, K. C. (2008). Oil pollution of Golden Horn seawater. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment. 14: 15-23.

Günday, H., Ünlü, S. and Güven, K.C. (2006). Oil Pollution in east part of Izmit Gulf. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 12: 193-200.

Güven, K. C., Ünlü, S., Okuş, E. and Doğan, E. (1995). Oil contamination of Mytilus galloprovincialis after the Nasia accident. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 1: 67-79.

Güven, K.C., Yazıcı, Z., Ünlü, S., Okuş, E. and Doğan, E. (1996). Oil pollution on sea water and sediments of Istanbul Strait, caused by Nassia tanker accident. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 2: 65-89.

Güven, K. C., Günday, H., Okuş, E., Ünlü, S., Doğan, E., Gezgin, T. and Burak, S. (1997). Oil pollution of Izmit Bay. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 3: 1-10.

Güven, K.C., Ünlü, S., Okuş, E. and Doğan, E. (1998). Chronic oil pollution in the Istanbul Strait, Sea of Marmara and Dardanelles. International Symposium on Marine Pollution 5-9 October, Monaco, pp 73-77.

Güven, K. C. and Ünlü, S. (2000). Oil pollution in sea water of Izmit Bay following the earthquake (17 Aug 1999). Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 6: 215-226.

Güven, K.C. and Ilgar, R. (2002a). Oil and detergent pollution on coastal areas of Dardanelles in 1996-1997. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 8: 3-8.

Güven, K.C, Çetintürk, K., Alpaslan, M. and Tekinay, A.A. (2002b). Oil and detergent pollution of sea water in Dardanelles in 2001-2002. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 8: 121-130.

Güven, K.C., Çetintürk, K., Küçük, M., Alpaslan, M. and Tekinay, A. A. (2003a). Oil, phthalates and biotoxin analyses of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from Dardanelles. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 9: 83-95.

Güven, K. C., Balkıs, N., Çetintürk, K. and Okuş, E. (2003b). The pollution of Zeytinburnu Port, Istanbul, Turkey. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 9: 207-217.

Güven, K. C., Ünlü, S., Çetintürk, K. and Okuş, E. (2004). Oil pollution in Bosphorus, Golden Horn and Sea of Marmara after M/V GOTIA ship accident occurred in 2002. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 10: 85-102.

Güven, K. C., Çubukçu, N., İpteş, M., Özyalvaç, M., Cumalı, S., Nesimigil, F. and Yalçın, A. (2008). Oil pollution in surface waters and sediments of the Istanbul Strait, Ali Ağa (Aegean Sea) in 2005-2007. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 14: 205-220.

Marchand, M., Bodennec, G., Caprais, J.C. and Pigment, P. (1982). The Amoco Cadiz oil spill distribution and evaluation of oil pollution in marine sediments. In: Ecological study of the Amoco Cadiz oil spill. Report of the NDAACNEXO, Joint Scientific 143-157.

Okuş, E., Yazıcı, Z., Ünlü, S., Doğan, E. and Güven, K.C. (1996). Oil pollution in Marmara Sea after Nassia tanker accident. Turkish J. Mar. Sci. 2: 143-154.

Okuş, E., Güven, K. C., Uysal, A., Ünlü, S., Gezgin, T., Nesimigil, F., Cumalı, S. and Yalçın, A. (2007). Petroleum pollution by Volgoneft-248 tanker accident occured on 29.12.1999 in Istanbul, Florya-Küçükçekmece area. J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 13: 119-138.

Sakarya, M. (1985). Petroleum hydrocarbons in the marine environment, Ms. Thesis METU (Middle East Technical University) Institute of Marine Sciences, İçel, Turkey.

Shimkus, K., Öztürk, B. and Yesin, N.V. (1993) Oil products, heavy metals and radionuclides in the recent bottom sediments of the Marmara Sea shallow water area. Medcoast Nov. 2-5 Antalya, Turkey.