Relationship between dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum (Halim) and environmental factors in Homa Lagoon (İzmir Bay)

Dinçer Başdemir

Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, İzmir, TURKEY

Abstract

Monthly water sampling was conducted in Homa Lagoon situated in Izmir Bay, Turkey, between December 2013 and November 2014 aiming to understand how Alexandrium minutum concentration changes due to Chlorophyll-a, nutrients such as nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, silicate, phosphate, and physical parameters like temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and pH. A. minutum concentration was highest in July at Station 4 and it was related to nitrate and phosphate concentrations mostly. No bloom of A. minutum was observed during the study.

Keywords: Alexandrium minutum, nutrients, lagoon, nitrate, phosphate

References

Anderson, D.M. (1989) Toxic algal blooms and red tides: a global perspective. In: Red Tides: Biology, Environmental Science and Toxicology (eds., Okaichi, T., D.M. Anderson,, T. Nemoto), Elsevier, pp. 11-16,

Anderson, D.M., Glibert, P.M., Burkholder, J. M. (2002) Harmful algal blooms and eutrophication: nutrient sources, composition, and consequences. Estuaries 25(4):704-726.

Balech, E. (1995) The genus Alexandrium Halim (Dinoflagellata). Sherkin Island Marine Station Special Publications, Cork, Ireland. 151pp.

Bravo, I., Vila, M., Masó, M., Figueroa, R.I., Ramilo, I. (2008) Alexandrium catenella and Alexandrium minutum blooms in the Mediterranean Sea: toward the identification of ecological niches. Harmful algae 7(4): 515-522.

Egemen, Ö., Gökpınar, Ş., Önen, M., Büyükışık, B., Hoşsucu, B., Sunlu, U., Cirik, S. (1999) Güllük Lagoon (Aegean Sea, Turkey) Ecosystems. Turkish Journal of Zoology 23(EK3): 927-948.

Garcés, E., Bravo, I., Vila, M., Figueroa, R. I., Masó, M., Sampedro, N. (2004) Relationship between vegetative cells and cyst production during Alexandrium minutum bloom in Arenys de Mar harbour (NW Mediterranean). Journal of
Plankton Research 26(6): 637-645.

Giacobbe, M.G., Oliva, F.D., Maimone, G. (1996) Environmental factors and seasonal occurrence of the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum, a PSP potential producer, in a Mediterranean lagoon. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 42(5): 539-549.

Guisande, C., Frangópulos, M., Maneiro, I., Vergara, A.R., Riveiro, I. (2002) Ecological advantages of toxin production by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum under phosphorus limitation. Marine Ecology Progress Series 225:169-
176.

Halim, Y. (1960) Alexandrium minutum nov. g. nov. sp. dinoflagellé provocant des ‘eaux rouges’. Vie et Milieu 11(1):102-105.

Hallegraeff, G. M. (1993) A review of harmful algal blooms and their apparent global increase. Phycologia 32(2): 79-99.

Harvey, H.W. (1957) The Chemistry and Fertility of Sea Waters. Cambridge University Press, 224 pp.

Koray, T. (2004) Potentially toxic and harmful phytoplankton species along the coast of the Turkish Seas. Harmful Algae 2002: 35-337.

Koray, T., Buyukisik, B. (1988) Toxic dinoflagellate blooms in the harbour region of Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea). Revue internationale d’océanographie médicale 91: 25-42.

Kutlu, B., Büyükışık, B. (2007). Simulated community culture study on water of Izmir Bay (Homa Lagoon). Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 24(1): 55-63.

MacKenzie, L., Berkett, N. (1997) Cell morphology and PSP‐toxin profiles of Alexandrium minutum in the Marlborough Sounds, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research 31(3): 403-409.

Maguer, J.F., Wafar, M., Madec, C., Morin, P., Denn, E.E.L. (2004) Nitrogen and phosphorus requirements of an Alexandrium minutum bloom in the Penzé Estuary, France. Limnology and oceanography 49(4):1108-1114.

Sabanci, F.C. (2014) Phytoplankton distribution and its relationship to the physico-chemical environment in a coastal lagoon. Ekoloji 23(90): 61-72.

Sabancı, F.Ç., Koray, T. (2012) The dinoflagellate species distributed in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea) and the seasonal changes of species diversity. Review of Hydrobiology 5(2): 71-84.

Selli, A., Boni, L., Wynne, D., Carpené, E., Viviani, R. (1992) The influence of orthophosphate on nitrate reductase activity in Alexandrium sp. In: The Science of the Total Environment. Supplement: Marine Coastal Eutrophication (eds.,
Vollenweider, Marchetti & Viviani). Elsevier Sci. Publ., pp.1310.

Semina, H.J. (1978) Treatment of an aliquot sample. In: Phytoplankton Manual (ed. A. Sournia). UNESCO Press, Paris, Monogr. Oceanogr. Method, pp. 181.

Strickland, J.D.M., T.R. Parson. (1972) A Pratical Seawater Analysis, Bulletin 167, Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.

Venrick, E.L. (1978) How many cells to count. In: Phytoplankton Manual (ed. A. Sournia). UNESCO Press, Paris, Monogr. Oceanogr. Method, pp.167-180.