Vol.9 – 2003 – Sayfa 2 – Journal of the Black Sea / Mediterranean Environment

THE CONTRIBUTION OF CAPSULATED BACTERIA TO THE TOTAL BACTERIAL COMMUNITY IN THE WATER COLUMN OF THE NORTHERN MARMARA SEA, KÜÇÜKÇEKMECE LAGOON AND STRAIT OF ISTANBUL, TURKEY

The contribution of capsulated bacteria to the total bacterial community in the water column of the northern Marmara Sea, Küçükçekmece Lagoon and Strait of Istanbul, Turkey

Gülsen Altug, Yunus Bayrak

Istanbul University, Fisheries Faculty Ordu Cad. No. 200, Laleli, Istanbul, TURKEY
Republic of Turkey, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Microbiology Laboratory, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

The contribution of capsule-bearing bacteria to the total number of bacterioplankton community was enumerated to assume the metabolically active number of bacterioplankton in the eight different water masses of the Marmara Sea, Kucukcekmece lagoon and Istanbul strait. Capsulated and non-capsulated bacteria were determined using modified the negative staining technique. Total bacteria abundance and capsulated bacteria number was compared according to sampling area. As a result capsulated bacteria number was found higher at the surface water of eutrophic lagoon to the total bacteria (25.8 %) as compared to the water column of the Northern Marmara Sea and Istanbul Strait. Capsulated bacteria 5-20 meter, was found less than lagoon samples. The surface water of lagoon percentage of capsulated bacteria was significantly higher (P<0.001) than all areas. It was observed that there was no statistically significant differencee between the dates of sampling in respect to contribution of the number of the samples, which were taken from water above the sandy sediments of the Marmara Sea and deep from capsulated bacteria of the bacterioplankton community.

Keywords: Marmara Sea, Istanbul Strait, lagoon, capsulated bacteria, bacterial community

STRUCTURAL FEATURES OF THE TUZLA REGION, ISTANBUL

Structural features of the Tuzla region, Istanbul

Mehmet Bas, Bedri Alpar

Yunus Emre Cad. 15/13 Maltepe, Istanbul, TURKEY
Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, 34116 Vefa, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

All known earthquakes which affected Istanbul are originated in the Sea of Marmara, while there is not any large earthquake occurred on land on the Kocaeli Peninsula. Small scale earthquakes located on this platform have become much more interesting to researchers after two 4.2 Ms events occurred along the Tuzla-Pendik coastal area after the disastrous 17 August 1999 earthquake. Some NE-SW trending lineaments on the Kocaeli Peninsula are evident from digital elevation models and satellite images. The valleys along these lineaments show low resistivity and shear wave velocities, implying buried discontinuities. Seismic studies showed that the associated discontinuities observed in the acoustic disturbance at sea may be some of the faults on which the modem Sea of Marmara evolved. In present, the old faults in the Palaeozoic basement may be reactivated by the earthquakes occurring along the North Anatolian fault zone, causing damage to the settlements along the alluvial valleys extending inland.

Keywords: Sea of Marmara, tectonic setting, fault, seismic reflection, earthquake, underwater failures

OIL, PHTHALATES AND BIOTOXIN ANALYSES OF MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS) COLLECTED FROM DARDANELLES

Oil, phthalates and biotoxin analyses of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) collected from Dardanelles

Kasim Cemal Güven, Kartal Çetintürk, Mutlu Küçük, Mustafa Alpaslan, A. Adem Tekinay

Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Muskule Sok. Vefa 34116 Istanbul, TURKEY
Istanbul University, Expt. Med. Res. Inst. (DETAM), Çapa, Istanbul, TURKEY
18 Mart University, Faculty of Fisheries, Çanakkale, TURKEY

Abstract

Oil, phtalates and biotoxin pollution on mussels were investigated at the entrance and exit of Dardanelles between June 2001 and May 2002. The max. oil pollution was found in May 2002 in the Çanakkale and Gelibolu samples as 28.26 µg/g and 17.’26 µg/g (wet weight), respectively. The detected of oil compounds were aliphatic group as C1O-C22 and aromatic group as phenol, naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, indol, thiophene, dibenzothiophene derivatives. Phthalates derivatives, dibutyl, diisobutyl phthalate, DEHP (bisethyl hexyl phthalate) were identified by GC/MS analyses. Biotoxine analysis was made by bioassay; PSP and DSP mouse tests were found positive. This is first record in Turkey.

Keywords: Oil, phthalates and biotoxin, mussels, Dardanelles

A MODEL STUDY ON THE ROLE OF ISTANBUL FISH CO-OPERATIVES AT TURKISH FISHERIES

A model study on the role of Istanbul fish co-operatives at Turkish fisheries

Metin Timur, Kadir Doğan

Istanbul University Faculty of Fisheries, 34470. Laleli, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

In Turkey, the total fish catch was about 580.000 tons, of which 86 per cent came from the marine environment in 2000. It is observed that considerable amount of fish catch have been performed via fishery co-operatives. The first co-operative of fisheries was established in 1949 in Istanbul. There are 34 fish co-operatives in the vicinity of Istanbul and the total number of the members is 2.427 and vessels 2.170 in 2002. The catched fish is sold in Istanbul fish market. The total marketing capacity was about 40.000 tons in 2002. This paper primarily focuses on the working and potentials of the Istanbul fish co-operatives.

Keywords: Istanbul fish co-operatives, model study, Turkish fisheries

WATER EXCHANGE IN THE GOLDEN HORN

Water exchange in the Golden Horn

Bedri Alpar, Hüseyin Yüce, Ahmet Türker

Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Marine Geology and Geophysics Department, Vefa, lstanbul, TURKEY
Gemi Sanayi A.S. Tophane, Istanbul, TURKEY
Department of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography, Çubuklu, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

The water circulation in the Golden Horn estuary is mainly dominated by coupling with the flow in the Strait of Istanbul, which is subject, depending on the atmospheric factors and the water budget, to many nonlinear transient variances such as temporary blocking of the flows in either direction. The present paper describes observations of the water mass structure and circulation in the Golden Horn on the basis of recent oceanographic data.

Keywords: Golden Horn, current, sea level, water exchange

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BEACHROCKS ON THE COASTS OF GELIBOLU PENINSULA AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE QUATERNARY SEA LEVEL CHANGES

Physical properties of beachrocks on the coasts of Gelibolu Peninsula and their contribution to the Quaternary sea level changes

T. Ahmet Ertek, A. Evren Erginal

Istanbul University, Geography Department 34459, Beyazit, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

Beachrock formation developed at two different localities at the coasts of Gelibolu Peninsula. Geomorphological, geological, and tectonic properties of the coastal area have been considered in this study. All beachrock localities have been investigated in detail considering their material types, sequences, structures and depositional localities. It was concluded that the beachrocks observed in a distance of 8 to 15 meters from the present shoreline were found under the present sea and they have been tectonically uplifted. Sea level changes and tectonic activity of the coastal area have been explained owing to the properties of these young formations.

Keywords: Beachrock, sea level change, Gelibolu Peninsula, Gulf of Saros, Strait of Çanakkale

TSUNAMI HAZARD ASSESSMENT IN ISTANBUL

Tsunami hazard assessment in Istanbul

B. Alpar, Y. Altinok, C. Gazioglu, Z.Y. Yücel

Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Marine Geology and Geophysics Department, Vefa, Istanbul, TURKEY
Istanbul University, Engineering Faculty, Department of Geophysics, 34850 Avcilar, Istanbul, TURKEY
Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, Marine Environment Department., BERKARDA Remote Sensing and GIS Laboratory Vefa, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

Historical tsunami events have impacted the Istanbul coasts along the Sea of Marmara. Offshore seismic sources may trigger these tsunamis directly or through coseismic underwater failure. The 1999 Izmit Bay tsunami led to more comprehensive analyses of these events which are generally caused by underwater failures close to the target coastline. Waves so generated can arrive at nearby coastlines in minutes, causing extensive damage and loss of life. Here this paper propose, on the basis of tsunami models in the Sea of Marmara and methodology used internationally, first generation tsunami inundation maps for the areas along the southern coast of Istanbul. Such maps for selected areas help to understand the possible effects on those regions and should only be used for evacuation planning and reducing possible hazard.

Keywords: Tsunami, hazard, inundation, Sea of Marmara, Istanbul, underwater failures