Vol.21 – 2015 – No.3

First record of the lionfish Pterois miles (Bennett 1828) from the Aegean Sea

Cemal Turan, Bayram Öztürk              

Marine Science and Technology Faculty, Iskenderun Technical University, Iskenderun, TURKEY
Faculty of Fisheries, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TURKEY
Turkish Marine Research Foundation (TUDAV), P.O. Box: 10, Beykoz, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

The lionfish Pterois miles (Bennett 1828) was observed by scuba diving in August 2015 at 11 m depth on sandy bottom in Dalyan on the Aegean Sea coast of Turkey. This is a lessepsian species entering the Mediterranean Sea through the Suez Canal. All urgent measures such as killing, eliminating and fishing are proposed to avoid the expansion of this venomous fish species in the Turkish waters and adjacent area.

Keywords: Aegean Sea, lessepsian migration, Pterois miles, Suez Canal,Turkey

References

Alvarez, L. (2014) A call to action against a predator fish with an import ban, an app and even rodeos. New York Times. 25 September 2014. (Downloaded 31.08.2015 at http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/26/us/a-call-to-action-againsta-predator-fish.?_.

Bariche, M., Torres, M., Azurro, E. (2013) The presence of the invasive lionfish Pterois miles in the Mediterranean Sea. Mediterr. Mar. Sci. 14(2): 292-294.

Golani, D., Sonin, O. (1992) New records of the Red Sea fishes, Pterois miles (Scorpaenidae) and Pteragogus pelycus (Labridae) from the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 39(2): 167-169.

Green, S.J., Côté, I.M. (2009) Record densities of Indo-Pacific lionfish on Bahamian coral reefs. Coral Reefs 28: 107.

Hare, J.A., Whitfield, P.E. (2003) An integrated assessment of the introduction of lionfish (Pterois volitans/miles complex) to the western Atlantic Ocean. NOAA Technical Memorandum NOS NCCOS 2, 21 pp.

Kulbicki, M., Beets, J., Chabanet, P., Cure, K., Darling, E., Sergio, R.F., Galzin, R., Green, A., Harmelin-Vivien, M., Hixon, M., Letourneur, Y., De Loma, T.L., McClanahan, T., McIlwain, J., Mou Tham, G., Myers, R., O’Leary, J.K., Planes, S., Vigliola, L., Wantiez, L. (2012) Distributions of Indo-Pacific lionfishes Pterois spp. in their native ranges: implications for the Atlantic invasion. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 446: 189-205.

Morris, J.A.Jr., Whitfield, P.E. (2009) Biology, ecology, control and management of the invasive Indo-Pacific lionfish: An updated integrated assessment. NOAA Technical Memorandum, NOS NCCOS 99, 57 pp.

Oray, I.K., Sınay, E., Karakulak, S,F., Yıldız., T. (2015) An expected marine alien fish caught at the coast of Northern Cyprus: Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828). Journal of Applied Ichthyology 31(4): 733-735.

Özturk, B., Turan, C. (2012) Alien species in Turkish Seas. In: The State of the Turkish Fisheries (eds., A. Tokaç, A.C. Gücü, B. Öztürk), Publication no. 34, Turkish Marine Research Foundation (TUDAV), Istanbul, Turkey, pp. 92-130.

Schofield, P.J. (2009) Geographic extent and chronology of the invasion of nonnative lionfish Pterois volitans (Linnaeus 1758) and P. miles (Bennett 1828) in the Western North Atlantic and Caribbean Sea. Aq. Inv. 4: 473-479.

Sommer, C., Schneider, W., Poutiers, J.M. (1996) FAO Species Identification Field Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Living Marine Resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome, 376 pp.

Turan, C., Ergüden, D., Gürlek, M., Yağlıoğlu, D., Uyan, A., Uygur, N. (2014) First record of the Indo-Pacific lionfish Pterois miles (Bennett, 1828) (Osteichthyes: Scorpaenidae) for the Turkish marine waters. J. Black Sea/Medit. Environ. 20(2): 158˗163.

Turan, C., Gürlek, M., Yağlıoğlu, D., Seyhan, D. (2011) A new alien jellyfish species in the Mediterranean Sea – Aequorea globosa. J. Black Sea/Medit. Environ.17: 282-286.

Turan, C., Uygur, N., Ergüden, D., Öztürk, B., Özbalcilar, B. (2010) On the occurrence of invasive ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi A. Agassiz, 1865 in Antakya Bay, Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Biharean Biologist 4 (2): 179-180.

 

First record of the moon crab Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål 1775) from Turkish waters

Cemal Turan, Ali Uyan, Deniz Ergüden, Mevlüt Gürlek, Servet A. Dogdu, Necdet Uygur

Marine Sciences and Technology Faculty, Iskenderun Technical University, TR31220 Iskenderun, Hatay, TURKEY
Maritime Vocational School, Iskenderun Technical University, Iskenderun, Hatay, TURKEY

Abstract

The first record of the moon crab Ashtoret lunaris (Forskål 1775) is reported for the Turkish waters. Four specimens of A. lunaris were captured in Iskenderun Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey at depth about 17m by gill net on 18 August 2015. The moon crab is the first non-native crab from the family Matutidae established in the Turkish coast.

Keywords: Moon crab, Ashtoret lunaris, first record, Turkish waters, lessepsian migrant

References

Chhapgar, B.F. (1957) On the marine crabs (Decapoda: Brachyura) of Bombay State. J. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc. 54: 399-439.

Davie, P. (2014a) Matutidae De Haan, 1835 [Online]. Available at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p¼taxdetails&id¼106759 (Accessed 23 June 2014).

Davie, P. (2014b) Thalamita Latreille, 1892. World Register of Marine Species, 2014. Available at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id= 106931 (Accessed 23 Jun 2014).

De Grave, S., Pentcheff, N.D., Ahyong, S.T. (2009) A classification of living and fossil genera of decapod Crustaceans. Raff. Bull. Zool. 21: 1-109.

Galil, B.S. (2007) Loss or gain? Invasive aliens and biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 55(7–9): 314-322.

Galil, B.S. (2011) The alien crustaceans in the Mediterranean: an historical overview. In: The Wrong Place – Alien Marine Crustaceans: Distribution, Biology and Impacts (eds., B.S. Galil, P.F. Clark, J.T. Carlton). Springer Series in Invasion Ecology, 6. Springer Verlag, Berlin, pp. 377-401.

Galil, B.S. (2012) Truth and consequences: the bioinvasion of the Mediterranean Sea. Integr. Zool. 7: 299-311.

Galil, B.S., Clark, P.F. (1994) A revision of the genus Matuta Weber, 1795 (Crustacea: Brachyura: Calappidae). Zool. Verh. Leiden 294: 1-55.

Galil, B.S., Golani, D. (1990) Two new migrant decapods from the eastern Mediterranean. Crustaceana 58(3): 229-236.

Galil, B.S., Mendelson, M. (2013) A record of the moon crab Matuta victor (Fabricius, 1781) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Matutidae) from the Mediterranean coast of Israel. BioInvasions Rec. 2: 69-71.

Galil, B.S., Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Gollasch, S. (2008) Biodiversity impacts of species introductions via marine vessels. In: Maritime traffic effects on biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea: Review of impacts, priority areas and mitigation measures, (eds., A. Abdulla, O. Linden). IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation, Malaga, Spain, pp. 117-158.

Guinot, D. (1966) Les crabes comestibles de 1’Indo-Pacifique, Editions del la Foundation Singer-Polignac, Paris.

Mater, S., Toğulga, M., Kaya, M. (1995) Distribution and economic importance of lessepsian fish species in the sea in Turkey. II. National Ecology and Environment Congress, Association of Biologists, Ankara, pp. 453-462. (in Turkish)

Ng, P.K.L., Guinot, D., Davie, P. (2008) Systema Brachyurorum: Part 1. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raff. Bull. Zool. 17: 1-286.

Perez, O.S. (1986) Studies on the biology of the Indo-Pacific sandy shore crab, Matuta lunaris Forska1 (Brachyura: Calappidae) M. Sc, thesis, James Cook University, Australia.

Özcan, T., Katağan, T., Ng, P.K.L. (2010) First record of Eurycarcinus integrifrons De Man 1879 (Decapoda, Pilumnidae) from the Mediterranean Sea. Crustaceana 83(4): 507-510.

Sankarankutty, C. (1962) On Decapoda Brachyura from the Andaman and Nicobar Islands: 3. Families: Calappidae, Leucosiidae, Parthenopldae. Maiidae and Gecarcinidae. J. Mar. Biol Ass. India 4: 151-164.

Turan, C., Yaglioglu, D. (2011) First record of the spiny blaasop Tylerius spinosissimus (Regan, 1908) (Tetraodontidae) from the Turkish coasts. Mediterr. Mar. Sci. 12(1): 247-256.

Vannini, M. (1976) Researches on the coast of Somalia. The shore and dune of Sar Uanle. 10. Sandy beach decapods. Monitore Zool. Ital. (Suppl.) 8: 255-286.

Yaglioglu, D., Turan, C., Ogreden, T. (2014) First record of blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896) (Crustacea, Brachyura, Portunidae) from the Turkish Black Sea coast. J. Black Sea/Medit. Environ. 20: 13-17.

 

On the occurrence of Paradella dianae (Isopoda) in Fethiye Bay (Levantine Sea)

Fevzi Kırkım, Tahir Özcan,Tuncer Katağan                                                                                   

Department of Hydrobiology, Fisheries Faculty, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, Izmir, TURKEY
Department of Marine Sciences, Marine Sciences and Technology Faculty, İskenderun Technical University, 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, TURKEY

Abstract

A single specimen of Paradella dianae (Menzies 1962) (Isopoda, Flabellifera, Sphaeromatidae) was collected at the depths ranging 0-5 m on the rocky bottom of the Cape Dogan in Fethiye Bay on the Levantine Sea coast of Turkey on 9 July 2008. The alien isopod, P. dianae, is reported from Turkish coast for the first time.

Keywords: Paradella dianae, isopod, alien species, Fethiye Bay, Levantine Sea

References

Atta, M.M. (1987) The occurrence of Paradella dianae (Menzies 1962) (Isopoda, Flabellifera, Sphaeromatidae) in Alexandria Mediterranean waters. Bull. Inst. Oceanogr. & Fish. ARE 13(2): 205-210.

Bakır, A.K., Katağan, T., Aker, H.V., Özcan, T., Sezgin, M., Ateş, A.S., Koçak, C., Kırkım, F. (2014) The marine arthropods of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology 38: 765-831.

Baziri, H., Sghaier, Y.R., Benamer, I., Langar, H., Pergent, G., Bourass, E.M., Verlaque, M., Ben Soussi, J., Zenetoz, A. (2013) Alien marine species of Libya: first inventory and new records in El-Kouf National Park (Cyrenaica) and the neighbouring areas. Mediterranean Marine Sciences 14/2: 451-462.

Castelló, J., Carballo, J.L. (2001) Isopod fauna, excluding Epicaridea, from the Strait of Gibraltar and nearby areas (Southern Iberian Peninsula). Scientia Marina 65(3): 221-241.

Çinar, M.E., Katagan, T., Koçak, F., Öztürk, B., Ergen, Z., Kocatas, A., Önen, M., Kirkim, F., Bakir, K., Kurt, G., Dagli, E., Açik, S., Dogan, A., Özcan, T. (2008) Faunal assemblages of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in and around Alsancak Harbour (Izmir Bay, eastern Mediterranean). Journal of Marine Systems 71: 1-17.

Galil, B.S., Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Gollasch, S. (2008) Biodiversity impacts of species introductions via marine vessels. In: Maritime Traffic Effects on Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea: Review of İmpacts, Priority Areas and Mitigation Measures (eds., A. Abdulla, O. Linden). IUCN Centre for Mediterranean Cooperation, Malaga, Spain, pp. 118-150.

Forniz, C., Maggiore, F. (1985) New records of Sphaeromatidae from the Mediterranean Sea (Crustacea, Isopoda). Oebalia 11: 779-783.

Kırkım, F., Özcan, T., Katağan, T., Bakır, K. (2010) First record of five freeliving Isopod species from the Cyprus Coasts. Acta Adriatica 51(1):101-105.

Marine Species, 2015. http://www.marinespecies.org (Accessed June 2015).

Menzies, R.J. (1962) The marine isopod fauna of Bahia de San Quintin, Baja California, Mexico. Pacif Naturalist 3(11): 337-348.

Menzies, R.J., Glynn, P.W. (1968) The common marine isopod Crustacea of Puerto Rico, A Handbook for marine biologists. In: Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands (ed., P.W. Hummelinck). The Hague Martinus Nijhoff, pp. 1-133.

Occhipinti-Ambrogi, A., Marchini, A., Cantone, G., Castelli, A., Chimenz, C., Cormaci, M., Froglia, C., Furnari, G., Gambi, M.C., Giaccone, G., Giangrande, A., Gravili, C., Mastrototaro, F., Mazziotti, C., Orsi-Relini, L., Piraino, S. (2011) Alien species along the Italian coast: an overview. Biological Invasions 13(1): 215-237.

Zgozi, S.W., Haddoud, D.A., Rough, A. (2002) Influence of environmental factors on distribution and abundance of macrobenthic organisms at Al Gazala Lagoon (Libya). Technical Report of Marine Research Center of Tajura, pp. 23- 27. (in Arabic)

Record of reticulated leatherjacket, Stephanolepis diaspros Fraser-Brunner, 1940 (Tetradontiformes: Monacanthidae) from Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea, Turkey

Okan Akyol, Aytaç Özgül                                                              

Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35440, Urla, Izmir, TURKEY

Abstract

A specimen of lessepsian Stephanolepis diaspros, 177 mm in total length, was caught on 27 October 2014 by a commercial trammel net off Urla coast in Izmir Bay on sandy bottom at a depth of 6 m. This record is not only the first one but also the fifth lessepsian fish species found in Izmir Bay in the northern Aegean Sea.

Keywords: Reticulated leatherjacket, Stephanolepis diaspros, lessepsian, Izmir Bay, Aegean Sea

References

Akyol, O., Aydın, I., Gülşahin, A., Kara, A. (2013) Records of three uncommon fishes from Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 29: 925-926.

Akyol, O., Çoker, T., Perçin, F. (2011) The very rare and little-known fishes along the coasts of Izmir (Aegean Sea, Turkey) in the past 40 years (1969- 2008). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 27: 1337-1345.

Başusta, N., Erdem, Ü. (2000) A study on the pelagic and demersal fishes of Iskenderun Bay, eastern Mediterranean. Turk. J. Zool. 24(suppl.):1-19. (in Turkish).

Ben Amor, M.M., Capapé, C. (2008) Occurrence of a filefish closely related to Stephanolepis diaspros (Osteichthyes: Monacanthidae) off northern Tunisian coast (South-western Mediterranean). Cahiers de Biologie Marine 49: 323-328.

Ben-Tuvia, A. (1971) Revised list of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology 20: 1-39.

Borg, J.J. (2009) First record of the deepsea cardinal fish, Epigonus telescopus (Risso, 1810), from Maltese waters (Central Mediterranean) (Pisces: Epigonidae). Naturalista Sicil. S.IV, XXXIII(1-2): 127-130.

Catalano, E., Zava, B. (1993) The presence of Stephanolepis diaspros Br. Brunn. Italian Waters (Osteichthyes, Filefish). Supplemento alle Ricerche di Biologia della Selvaggina 21: 379-382.

Dulčić, J., Pallaoro, A. (2003) First record of the filefish, Stephanolepis diaspros (Monocanthidae), in the Adriatic Sea. Cybium 27:321-322.

EastMed. (2010) Report of the sub-regional technical meeting on the Lessepsian migration its impact on Eastern Mediterranean fishery. GCP/INT/041/EC-GREITA/TD-04. 59 pp.

Eleftheriou, A., Anagnostopoulou-Visila, E., Anastasopoulou, E., Ateş, S.A., El, I., Bachari, E., Cavas, L., Çevik, C., Çulha, M., Çevik, F., Delos, A-L., Derici, O.B., Ergüden, D., Fragopoulou, N., Giangrande, A., Göksan, T., Gravili, C., Gürlek, M., Hattour, M., Kapiris, K., Kouraklis, P., Lamouti, S., Prato, E., Papa, L., Papantoniou, G., Parlapiano, I., Poursanidis, D., Turan, C., Yağlıoğlu, D. (2011) New Mediterranean biodiversity records (December 2011). Mediterranean Marine Science 12: 491-508.

Ergüden, D., Turan, C., Gürlek, M. (2009) Weight-length relationships for 20 Lessepsian fish species caught by bottom trawl on the coast of Iskenderun Bay (NE Mediterranean Sea, Turkey). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 25:133-135.

Froese, R., Pauly, D. (2014) FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org, version (08/2014) (accessed date: 31 Oct. 2014).

Golani, D. (1996) The marine ichthyofauna of the eastern Levant -History, inventory and characterization. Israel Journal of Zoology 42:15-55.

Golani, D., Orsi-Relini, L., Massuti, E., Quignard, J.P. (2002) CIESM Atlas of 321 Exotic Species in the Mediterranean. Vol. 1 Fishes, 256 pp.(available at www.ciesm.org ; accessed on 31 Oct. 2014).

Golani, D., Öztürk, B., Başusta, N. (2006) The Fishes of the Eastern Mediterranean. Turkish Marine Research Foundation (Publication No. 24) Istanbul, Turkey. 259pp.

Gücü, A.C., Bingel, F., Avşar, D., Uysal, N. (1994) Distribution and occurrence of Red Sea fish at the Turkish Mediterranean coast, Northern Cilician basin. Acta Adriat. 34:103-113.

Katsanevakis, S., Tsiamis, K., Ioannou, G., Michailidis, N., Zenetos, A. (2009) Inventory of alien marine species of Cyprus. Mediterranean Marine Science 10: 109-133.

Lefkaditou, E., Petrakis, G. (2010) Participation of Lessepsian species in boatseine catches. In: Proceedings of the 10th Panhellenic Ichthyological Congress. Piraeus, Greece. 6-9 May 2010, pp. 355-358.

Lefkaditou, E., Segovia, M.V., Petrakis, G., Kavadas, S., Christides, G. (2010) Lessepsian migrants in the Hellenic seas: Spatial variation of their occurrence in boat-seine catches. Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Médit. 39: 569.

Nicolaidou, A., Alongi, G., Aydoğan, O., Catra, M., Cavas, L., Çevik, C., Dosi, A., Circosta, V., Giakoumi, S., Gimenez-Casalduero, F., Filiz, H., IzquierdoMunoz, A., Kalogirou, S., Konstantinidis, E., Kousteni, V., Kout, J., Legaki, A., Megalafonou, P., Ovalis, P., Paolillo, G., Paschos, I., Perdikanis, C., Poursanidis, D., Ramos-Espla, A.A., Reizopoulou, S., Sperone, E., Taşkın, E., Tripepi, S.,Vasquez-Luis, M. (2012) New Mediterranean biodiversity records (June 2012). Mediterranean Marine Science 13:162-174.

Öğretmen, F., Yılmaz, F., Torcu Koç, H. (2005) An investigation on fishes of Gökova Bay (Southern Aegean Sea). BAU Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 7: 19-36.

Öz, M.I., Okuş, E., Yüksek, A. (2007) Notes on the Erythrean alien fishes of Datça-Bozburun Peninsula – a specially protected area in the Southern Aegean Sea (Turkey). Rapp. Comm. Int. Mer Médit. 38: 563.

Papaconstantinou, C. (1990) The spreading of Lessepsian fish migrants into the Aegean Sea (Greece). Sci. Mar. 54: 313-316.

Peristeraki, P., Lazarakis, G., Skarvelis, C., Georgiadis, M., Tserpes, G. (2006) Additional records on the occurrence of alien fish species in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Mediterranean Marine Science 7: 61-66.

Sangun, L., Akamca, E., Akar, M. (2007) Length-weight relationships for 39 fish species from northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 7: 37-40.

Steinitz, W. (1927) Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Küstenfauna Palästinas. I. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli 8:311-353.

Taşkavak, E., Bilecenoğlu, M. (2001) Length-weight relationship for 18 Lessepsian (Red Sea) immigrant fish species from the eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K. 81: 895-896.

Torcu, H., Mater, S. (2000) Lessepsian fishes spreading along the coasts of the Mediterranean and the southern Aegean Sea of Turkey. Turk. J. Zool. 24: 139- 148.

Tortonese, E. (1947) Zoological research in Rhodes Island (Aegean Sea) fish. Bollatino di Pesca, Piscicoltura e Idrobiologia 23:143-192.

Tortonese, E. (1986) Monacanthidae. In: Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Vol. III (eds. P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen, E. Tortonese). UNESCO, Paris, pp.1338-1339.

Zouai-Ktari, R., Bradai, M.N. (2011) Reproductive biology of the Lessepsian reticulated leatherjacket Stephanolepis diaspros (Fraser-Brünner, 1940) in the Gulf of Gabes (Eastern Mediterranean Sea). Rev. Fish. Biol. Fisheries 21:641- 648.

First record of Lutjanus fulviflamma (Osteichthyes: Lutjanidae) in the Mediterranean Sea

Adriana Vella, Noel Vella, Sandra Agius Darmanin                                           

Conservation Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, University of Malta, Msida MSD2080, MALTA

Abstract

This paper presents the first record of Dory snapper, Lutjanus fulviflamma in the Mediterranean Sea. The specimen was caught from Valletta Waterfront, Malta (Central Mediterranean) on the 15th of December 2013. The species was identified through morphometric and meristic characters. Genetic analyses of the mitochondrial DNA sequences (COI, CO2, ND4 and Cytb) verified the species’ identity, while phylogenetic analyses revealed that the specimen was of East African origin possibly finding its way into the Mediterranean Sea as a Lessepsian migrant through the Suez Canal due to the ongoing Erythrean invasion.

Keywords: Lutjanus fulviflamma, alien, genetics, Mediterranean, Malta

References

Allen, G.R. (1985) FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the World. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of Lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, FAO, Rome, pp.125-208.

Ekaratne, S.U. (2000) A review of the status and trends of exported ornamental fish resources and their habitats in Sri Lanka. FAO, BOBP/REP/88, URL ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/007/ad920e/ad920e01.pdf (accessed 27.07.2015).

Evans, J., Barbara, J., Schembri, P.J. (2015) Updated review of marine alien species and other ‘newcomers’ recorded from the Maltese Islands (Central Mediterranean). Mediterr. Mar. Sci. 16 (1): 225-244.

Froese, R., Pauly, D., (2013-2015) FishBase. (http://www.fishbase.us). (Accessed December 2013 and May 2015).

Galil, B.S. (2007) Loss or gain? Invasive aliens and biodiversity in the Mediterranean Sea. Mar. Poll. Bull. 55: 314-322.

Galil, B.S. (2006) Shipwrecked – Shipping impacts on the biota of the Mediterranean Sea. In: The Ecology of Transportation: Managing Mobility for the Environment (eds., J.L. Davenport, J. Davenport). Springer-Verlag, The Netherlands, pp. 36-69.

Guo, Y., Wang, Z., Liu, C., Liu, L., Liu, Y. (2007) Phylogenetic relationships of South China Sea snappers (genus Lutjanus; family Lutjanidae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mar. biotechnol. (NY) 9 (6): 682-688.

Jayalal, L., Ramachandran, A. (2012) Export trend of Indian ornamental fish industry. Agric. and Bio. J. of N. America 3 (11): 439-451.

Jribi, I., Bradai, M. (2012) First record of the Lessepsian migrant species Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) (Actinopterygii: Tetraodontidae) in the Central Mediterranean. BioInv. Rec. 1: 49-52.

Kamukuru, A.T., Hecht, T., Mgaya, Y.D. (2005) Effects of exploitation on age, growth and mortality of the blackspot snapper, Lutjanus fulviflamma, at Mafia Island, Tanzania. Fish. Man. and Ecol. 12: 45-55.

Kaunda-Arara, B., Ntiba, M.J., 1997. The reproductive biology of Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskal, 1775) (Pisces: Lutjanidae) in Kenyan inshore marine waters. Hydrobiol. 353: 153-160.

Kearse, M., Moir, R., Wilson, A., Stones-Havas, S., Cheung, M., Sturrock, S., Buxton, S., Cooper, A., Markowitz, S., Duran, C., Thierer, T., Ashton, B., Mentjies, P., Drummond, A. (2012) Geneious Basic: an integrated and extendable desktop software platform for the organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinform. 28 (12): 1647-1649.

Kimura, M. (1980) A simple method for estimating evolutionary rate of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences. J. of Mol. Evol. 16: 111-120.

Martin, A.P., Palumbi, S.R. (1993) Protein evolution in different cellular environments: cytochrome b in sharks and mammals. Mol. Biol. and Evol. 10 (4): 873-891.

Mavruk, S., Avsar, D. (2008) Non-native fishes in the Mediterranean from the Red Sea, by way of the Suez Canal. Rev. in Fish Biol. and Fisheries 18(3): 251- 262.

Monteiro-Neto, C., Cunha, F.E.D., Nottingham, M.C., Araujo, M.E., Rosa, I.L., Barros, G.M.L. (2003) Analysis of the marine ornamental fish trade at Ceara 314 State, northeast Brazil. Biodiv. and Cons. 12(6): 1287-1295.

Mouneimne, N. (1979) Poissons nouveaux pour les coˆtes Libanaises. Cybium 6: 105-110.

Nanami, A., Shimose, T. (2013) Interspecific differences in prey items in relation to morphological characteristics among four lutjanid species (Lutjanus decussatus, L. fulviflamma, L. fulvus and L. gibbus). Envir. Biol. of Fishes 96 (5): 591-602.

Naylor, G.J.P., Ryburn, J.A.A., Fedrigo, O., Lopez, A. (2005) Phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of modern elasmobranchs. In: Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Chondrichthyes Sharks Batoids and Chimaeras (ed., W.C. Hamlett), Science Publishers, USA, pp. 1-25.

Oral, M. (2010) Alien fish species in the Mediterranean – Black Sea Basin. J. Black Sea/Med. Envir. 16 (1): 87-132.

Psomadakis, P.N., Scacco, U., Consalvo, I., Bottaro, M., Leone, F., Vacchi, M. (2009) New records of the lessepsian fish Fistularia commersonii (Osteichthyes: Fistulariidae) from the central Tyrrhenian Sea: signs of an incoming colonization? Mar. Biod. Rec. JMBA 2:e49.

Smith, M.C., Heemstra, P.C. (1986) Smiths’ Sea Fishes. Springer-Verlag. Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, London, Paris, Tokyo, 1047 pp.

Souissi, J. Ben, Rifi, M., Ghanem, R., Ghozzi, L., Boughedir, W., Azzurro, E., (2014) Lagocephalus sceleratus (Gmelin, 1789) expands through the African coasts towards the Western Mediterranean Sea : a call for awareness. Manage of Biol. Invasions 5(4): 357-362.

Tamura, K., Peterson, D., Peterson, N., Stecher, G., Nei, M., Kumar, S. (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol. Biol. and Evol. 28(10): 2731-2739.

Vacchi, M., Psomadakis, P.N., Repetto, N., Würtz, M. (2010) First record of the dog snapper Lutjanus jocu in the Mediterranean Sea. J. of Fish Biol. 76(3): 723- 728.

Vella, A. (2014a) Conservation research reports new alien species and declining local species in our sea. The Maritime Directory Website news: http://www.maritimedirectory.com.mt/newsread.asp?l=e&ID=3037 issued on 16 January 2014. (Accessed 03.02.2014).

Vella, A. (2014b) Conservation research reports new alien species and declining local species in our sea. The University of Malta Website news: http://www.um.edu.mt/newsoncampus/researchinitiatives/archive/newaliendecli ninglocalspecies (Accessed 03.02.2014)

Ward, R.D., Zemlak, T.S., Innes, B.H., Last, P.R., Hebert, P.D.N. (2005) DNA barcoding Australia’s fish species. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences 360: 1847-1857.

Zenetos, A., Çinar, M.E., Pancucci-Papadopoulou, M.A., Harmelin, J.G., Furnari, G., Andaloro, F., Bellou, N., Streftaris, N., Rowius, H.Z. (2005) Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. Mediterr. Mar. Sci. 6(2): 63-118.

Bioeroding sponge species (Porifera) in the Aegean Sea (Eastern Mediterranean)

Alper Evcen, Melih Ertan Çınar  

Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100 Bornova, İzmir, TURKEY

Abstract

In the present study, a total of 11 bioeroding sponge species belonging to 4 families were found on rocky substrata in Ildırı Bay (eastern Mediterranean), five of which (Dotona pulchellamediterranea, Volzia albicans, Delectona madreporica, Siphonodictyon infestum and Thoosa mollis) are new records for the eastern Mediterranean fauna. The most abundant and frequent species in the area were Chondrosia reniformis, Spirastrella cuntatrix and Cliona celata. The morphological and distributional features of the species that are new to the Turkish marine fauna are presented. In addition, a checklist of the bioeroding sponge species reported from the Mediterranean coasts to date is provided.

Keywords: Bioerosion, boring sponges, biodiversity, Mediterranean, Aegean Sea, Turkey

References

Acik, S. (2008) Occurrence of the alien species Aspidosiphon (Aspidosiphon) elegans (Sipuncula) on the Levantine and Aegean coasts of Turkey. Turk. Jour. Zool. 32: 443-448.

Ackers, R.G.A., Moss, D., Picton, B.E. (1992) Sponges of the British Isles (“Sponge V”), A Colour Guide and Working Document. Marine Conservation Society, Ross-on-Wye, UK. 66 pp.

Babic, K. (1922) Monactinellida und Tetractinellida des Adriatischen Meeres. Zoologische Jahrbücher, Abteilung für Systematik Geog. Biol. Tiere 46: 217- 302, pls 8–9.

Bacescu, M.C., Müller, G.I., Gomoiu, M.T. (1971) Ecologie Marina. Cercetari de Ecologie Bentala in Marea Neagra. Romania. Editura Academiei Republic Socialiste 4: 1-357.

Bakran-Perticioli, Τ., Radolović, M., Petricioli, D. (2012) How diverse is sponge fauna in the Adriatic Sea? Zootaxa 3172: 20-38.

Bavestrello, G., Arillo, A., Benatti, U., Cerrano, C., Cattaneo-Vietti, R., Cortesogno, L., Gaggero, A., Giovine, M., Tonetti, M., Sari, M. (1995) Quartz dissolution by the sponge Chondrosia reniformis (Porifera, Demospongiae). Nature 378: 374-376.

Bavestrello, G., Benatti, U., Cattaneo‐Vietti, R., Cerrano, C., Giovine, M. (2003) Sponge cell reactivity to various forms of silica. Micros. Res. Tech. 62: 327-335.

Bavestrello, G., Calcinai, B., Cerrano, C., Sarà, M. (1997) Delectona madreporica sp. (Porifera, Demospongiae) boring the corallites of some scleractinians from the Ligurian Sea. Ital. Jour. Zool. 64: 273-277.

Bavestrello, G., Calcinai, B., Sarà, M. (1996) Delectona ciconiae sp. nov. (Porifera, Demospongiae) boring in the scleraxis of Corallium rubrum. Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK. 76: 867-873.

Bertolino, M., Cerrano, C., Bavestrello, G., Carella, M., Pansini, M., Calcinai, B. (2013) Diversity of Porifera in the Mediterranean coralligenous accretions, with description of a new species. Zookeys. 336: 1-37.

Bibiloni, M.A. (1981) Estudi faunistic del litoral de Blanes (Girona). II Sistemàtica d’esponges. Butll Ist. Cat. His. Nat. 47: 5-59.

Boury-Esnault, N. (1971) Spongiaires de la zone rocheuse de Banyuls-sur-Mer. II. Systématique. Vie et Milieu. 22: 287-349.

Boury-Esnault, N. (2002) Order Chondrosida Boury-Esnault and Lopes, 1985 Family Chondrillidae Gray, 1872. In: Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges 1 (eds., J.N.A.R. Hooper, W.M. Van Soest), Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 291-298.

Boury-Esnault, N., Pansini, M., Uriz, M.J. (1994) Spongiaires bathyaux de la mer d’Alboran et du golfe ibéro-marocain. Mém. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. 160: 1- 174.

Burton, M. (1956). The sponges of West Africa. Atlantide Report (Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa 1945– 1946, Copenhagen) 4, pp. 111-147.

Calcinai, B., Azzin, F., Bavestrello, G., Cerrano, C., Pansını M., Thung, D.C. (2006) Boring Sponges from the Ha Long Bay, Tonkin Gulf. Vietnam. Zool. Stud. Taip. 45: 201 pp.

Calcinai, B., Bavestrello, G., Cuttone, G., Cerrano, C. (2011) Excavating sponges from the Adriatic Sea: description of Cliona adriatica sp. nov. (Demospongiae: Clionaidae) and estimation of its boring activity. Jour. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 91: 339-346.

Calcinai, B., Cerrano, C., Bavestrello, G. (2002) A new species of Scantiletta (Demospongiae, Clionaidae) from the Mediterranean precious red coral with some remarks on the genus. Bull. Mar. Sci. 70: 919-926.

Calcinai, B., Cerrano, C., Sarà, M., Bavestrello, G. (2000) Boring sponges (Porifera, Demospongiae) from the Indian Ocean. Ital. Jour. Zool. 67: 203-219.

Carter, H.J. (1880) VIII. Report on specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Capt. WH Cawne Warren. Ann. Magaz. Natur. Hist. 6: 35-61.

Corriero, G., Scalera-Liaci, L. (1997) Cliona parenzani n.sp. (Porifera, Hadromerida) from the Ionian Sea. Ital. Jour. Zool. 64: 69-73.

Demir, V., Okus, E. (2010) Marine sponges from Datça-Bozburun Peninsula – a Specially Protected Area in the South Eastern Aegean Sea (Turkey). Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit. 39, 490.

Erguven, H., Ulutürk, T., Öztürk, B. (1988) Porifera (sponges) fauna of the Gokceada and production facilities. İst. Üniv. Su Ürün. Der. 2: 173-189. (in Turkish)

Evcen, A., Çınar, M.E. (2012) Sponge (Porifera) from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with a checklist of sponges from the coasts of Turkey. Turk. Jour. Zool. 36(4): 460–464.

Grant, R.E. (1826) Notice of a new zoophyte (Cliona celata Gr.) from the Firth of Forth. Edin. N. Phil. Jour. 1: 78-81.

Grubelić, I. (2001) Sponges of mobile bottoms in the open waters of the Adriatic. Dissertation, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 238 pp.

Harmelin, J.-G., Boury-Esnault, N., Fichez, R., Vacelet, J., Zıbrowıus, H. (2003) Peuplement de la grotte sous-marine de l’ile de Bagaud (parc national de Port-Cros, France, Méditerranée). Rapp. Scient. Nat. Port-Cros. 19: 117-134.

Hooper, J.N.A., Van Soest, R.W.M. (2002) Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers: New York, 1726 pp.

Hutchings, P. (2011) Bioerosion. In: Encylopedia of Modern Coral ReefsStructure, Form and Processes, (ed. D. Hopley), Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 139-156.

Johnson, J.Y. (1899) Notes on some sponges belonging to the Clionidae obtained at Madeira. Jour. Roy. Micr. Soc. Trans. Soc. 9: 461-463.

Kaminskaya, L.D. (1968) Klass gubok-Porifera (Sponge-Porifera). In: Opredelitel’ fauny Chernogo i Azovskogo morey. Kiev, Ukraine: Noukova Dumka, pp. 35-55.

Kocataş, A. (1978) Qualitative and quantitative research on benthic forms from the rocky coast of the Gulf of Izmir. Ege Üniv. Fen Bil. Mon. Ser. 12: 1-93. (in Turkish)

Labate, M. (1964) Poriferi di grotta superficiale del litorale adriatico pugliese. Ann. Pont. Istit. Sci. Lett. 14: 319-342.

Lendenfeld, R. Von (1898) Die Clavulina der Adria. Nova acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. germ. natür. 69: 1-251.

Lévi, C. (1957) Spongiaires des côtes d’Israel. Bull. Res. Counc. Isr. Sect. B. Biol. Geol. 6: 201-202.

Maldonado, M. (1992) Demosponges of the red coral bottoms from the Alboran Sea. Jour. Nat. Hist. 26: 1131-1161.

Melone, N. (1965) I Poriferi associati a Corallium rubrum (L.) della Sardegna. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Natür. G. 75: 344-358.

Miloslavich, P., Díaz, J.M., Klein, E., Alvarado, J.J., Díaz, C., Gobin, J., Escobar-Briones, E., Cruz-Motta, J.J., Weil, E., Cortés, J., Bastidas, A.C., Robertson, R., Zapata, F., Martín, A., Castillo, J., Kazandjian, A., Ortiz, M. 303 (2010) Marine biodiversity in the Caribbean: regional estimates and distribution patterns. PloS ONE 5: e11916.

Mustapha, K.B., Zarrouk, S., Souissi, A., El Abed, A. (2003) Diversité des Démosponges Tunisiennes. Bull. Inst. Natn. Scien. Tech. Mer de Salammbô Vol. 30.

Nardo, G.D. (1847) Prospetto della fauna marina volgare del Veneto Estuario con cenni sulle principali specie commestibili dell’Adriatico. Sulle Venete Pesche 113-156.

Nassonow, N. (1883) Zur Biologie und Anatomie der Clione. Zeitschrift für Wissenschaftliche Zoologie 39: 295-308, pls. 18-19.

Neumann, A.C. (1966) Observations on coastal erosion in Bermuda and measurements of the boring rate of the sponge. Limn. Ocean. 11: 92-108.

Ostroumoff, A. (1896) Comptes-rendus des dragages et du plankton de l’expédition de ‘Selianik’. Bull. Acad. Scien. S.P. 5: 33-93.

Pansini, M. (1987) Report on a collection of Demospongiae from soft bottoms of the Eastern Adriatic Sea. In: European Contributions to the Taxonomy of Sponges (ed. W.C. Jones). Sherkin Island Marine Station Edition, Litho Press, Cork, pp. 41-53.

Pansini, M., Longo, C. (2003) A review of the Mediterranean Sea sponge biogeography with, in appendix, a list of the demosponges hitherto recorded from this sea. Biogeographia 24: 59-90. Pansini, M., Longo, C. (2008) Checklist della flora e della fauna dei mari italiani. Porifera. Biol. Mar. Medit. 15 (suppl.) 42-66.

Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1983) A collection of Mediterranean demosponges (Porifera) with, in appendix, a list of the Demospongiae hitherto recorded from the Mediterranean Sea. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Natur. 84: 445-621.

Pulitzer-Finali, G. (1993) A collection of marine sponges from East Africa. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Natur. 89: 247-350.

Reis, M.A.C., Leão, Z.M.A.N. (2000) Bioerosion rate of the sponge Cliona celata (Grant 1826) from reefs in turbid waters, north Bahia, Brazil. Proceedings 9th International Coral Reef Symposium Bali Indonesia, pp. 23-27.

Rosell, D. (1996) A new diagnosis of the genus Delectona (Porifera, Demospongiae), with a description of a new species from the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean). Helg. Meer. 50: 425-432.

Rosell, D., Uriz, M.J. (2002) Excavating and endolithic sponge species (Porifera) from the Mediterranean: species descriptions and identification key. Org. Div. Evol. 1-32.

Rosell, D., Uriz, M.J., Martin, D. (1997) Infestation by excavating sponges on the oyster (Ostrea edulis) populations of the Blanes littoral zone (northwestern Mediterranean Sea). Jour. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 79: 409-413.

Ruetzler, K. (1965) Systematik und Ökologie der Poriferen aus Litoralschattengebieten der Nordadria. Zeitschrift für Morphologie und Ökologie der Tiere. 55: 1-82.

Ruetzler, K. (1975) The role of burrowing in bioerosion. Oecologia 19: 203- 216.

Ruetzler, K. (1978) Sponges in coral reefs. In: Coral Reefs: Research Methods (eds. D.R. Stoddart, R.E. Johannes), UNESCO, Paris, pp. 209-313.

Ruetzler, K. (2002a) Family Alectonidae Rosell, 1996. In: Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (eds., J.N.A. Hooper, R.W.M. Van Soest). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 281-290.

Ruetzler, K. (2002b) Family Clionaidae D’Orbigny, 1851. In: Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (eds., J.N.A. Hooper, R.W.M. Van Soest). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 173-185.

Ruetzler, K. (2002c) Family Spirastrellidae Ridley and Dendy, 1886. In: Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (eds., J.N.A. Hooper, R.W.M. Van Soest). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 220-223.

Ruetzler, K., Rieger, G. (1973) Sponge burrowing: Fine structure of Cliona lampa penetrating calcareous substrata. Mar. Biol. 21: 144-162.

Ruetzler, K., Sarà, M. (1962) Diplastrella ornata, eine neue mediterrane Art der Familie Spirastrellidae (Demospongiae). Zool. Anz. 169: 231-236.

Sarà, M. (1958) Contributo all consoscenza dei Poriferi del Mar Ligure (1). Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Natur. G. 70: 207-244.

Sarà, M., Melone, N. (1963) Poriferi di acque superficiali del litorale pugliese presso Bari. Ann. Pont. Istit. Sci. Lett. 13: 1-28.

Sarıtaş, M.Ü. (1972) A preliminary study on the silicious sponge (Porifera) fauna of Engeceli Harbor in the Gulf of Izmir (Aegean Sea). Sci. Rep. Fac. Sci. Ege Univ. 143: 3-25. (in Turkish)

Sarıtaş, M.Ü. (1973) Report on the sponges (Porifera) occurring on Posidonia oceanica (L.) at the coast of Altinoluk, Edremit Bay (Aegean Sea). Sci. Rep. Fac. Sci. Ege Univ. 168: 3-21. (in Turkish)

Sarıtaş, M.Ü. (1974) Systematic research on the silicious sponges (Porifera) from the Gulf of Izmir. PhD, Diyarbakır University, Diyarbakır, Turkey. 54 pp.

Schmidt, O. (1862) Die Spongien des adriatischen Meeres. Wilhelm Engelmann: Leipzig i–viii, 1–88: 1–7.

Schmidt, O. (1864) Supplement der Spongien des adriatischen Meeres (Enthaltend die Histiologie und systematische Ergänzungen), Verlag von Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, pp. 48.

Schoenberg, C.H.L. (2002) Substrate effects on the bioeroding demosponge Cliona orientalis. 1. Bioerosion Rates. Mar. Ecol. 23: 313-326.

Schoenberg, C.H.L. (2003) Substrate effects on the bioeroding demosponge Cliona orientalis. 2. Substrate colonisation and tissue growth. Pubb. Staz. Zool. N. Mar. Ecol. 24: 59-74.

Schoenberg, C.H.L., Beuck, L. (2007) Where topsent went wrong: Aka infesta a.k.a. Aka labyrinthica (Demospongiae: Phloeodictyidae) and implications for other Aka species. Jour. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 87: 1459-1476.

Scott, P.J.B., Moser, K.A., Risk, M.J. (1988) Bioerosion of concrete and limestone by marine organisms: a 13 year esperiment from Jamaica. Mar. Poll. Bull. 5: 219-222.

Topaloğlu, B. (2001a) Sponge fauna in the littoral zone of the Marmara Sea. Rapp. Comm. int. Mer Medit., 36: 421.

Topaloğlu, B. (2001b) A preliminary study on the sponge fauna from the northern coast of Gokceada. In: National Meeting of the Aegean Islands (eds., B. Öztürk, V. Aysel). TUDAV.Pub. No. 7. pp. 97-102.

Topaloğlu, B., Evcen, A. (2014) Updated checklist of sponges (Porifera) along the coasts of Turkey. Turk. Jour. Zool. 38: 665-676.

Topsent, E. (1892) Diagnoses d’éponges nouvelles de la Méditerranée et plus particulièrement de Banyuls. Archives de Zoologie expérimentale et générale. (2) 10 (Notes et Revue 6) 17-28.

Topsent, E. (1925) Étude des Spongiaires du Golfe de Naples. Arch. Zool. Expér. Gén. 63: 623-725.

Topsent, E. (1932) Notes sur des Clionides. Arch. Zool. Exp. Gén. 74: 549-579.

Van Soest, R.W.M. (1993) Affinities of the marine demospongiae fauna of the Cape Verde Islands and Tropical West Africa. Cour. Forsch. Senck. 159: 205- 219.

Van Soest, R.W.M., Boury-Esnault, N., Hooper, J.N.A., Ruetzler, K., De Voogd, N.J., Alvarez De Glasby, B., Hajdu, E., Pisera, A.B., Manconi, R., Schoenberg, C., Janussen, D., Tabachnick., K.R., Klautau, M., Picton, B., Kelly, M., Vacelet, J. (2015) World Porifera Database, at www.marinespecies.org/pori fera/ index.php. (Accessed 01.06.2015)

Vatova, A. (1928) Compendio della flora e fauna del mare Adriatico presso Rovigno con la distribuzione geografica delle specie bentoniche. R. Comitato Talassografico Italiano, Venezia, Memoria 143: pp. 614.

Volz, P. (1939) Die Bohrschwämme (Clioniden) der Adria. Thalassia Salentina 3: 1-64.

Voultsiadou, E. (2005) Sponge diversity in the Aegean Sea: Check list and new information. Ital. Zool. 72: 53-64.

Voultsiadou, E., Vafidis, D. (2004) Rare sponge (Porifera: Demospongiae) species from the Mediterranean Sea. Jour. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK. 84: 593-598.

Xavier, J.R., Rachello-Dolmen, P.G, Parra-Velandia, F., Schoennberg, C.H.L., Breeuwer, J.A.J.,Van Soest, R.V.M. (2010) Molecular evidence of cryptic speciation in the “cosmopolitan” excavating sponge Cliona celata (Porifera, Clionaidae). Mol. Phy. Evol. 56: 13-20.

Yazıcı, M. (1978) The porifera species determined on Gökçeada and Bozcada. IUFS Jour. Biol. 28 (1–4): 109–121. (in Turkish)

Records of predatory, con-specific and human induced mauls on fish from the Northeast Atlantic and Black Sea

Violin Stoyanov Raykov, João Pedro Barreiros

Institute of Oceanology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 40 Parvi mai str., 9000 Varna, BULGARIA
CE3C – Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes / Azorean Biodiversity Group and Universidade dos Açores – Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, 9700-042 Angra do Heroísmo, PORTUGAL

Abstract

Present study aims to describe records of mauled and con-specific injures in various fish inhabiting different environment and to discuss possible impacts on fish behavior and ontogenesis. The fish specimens were collected from the Black Sea and Azores Islands (NE Atlantic). Individuals of European flounder, Pleuronectes flesus, common stingray, Dasyatis pastinaca and turbot, Scophthalmus maximus with missing dorsal and caudal fins and flesh, were found in the Black Sea. Specimens with severe mauls of the ocean sunfish, Mola mola, almaco jack, Seriola rivoliana and sargo, Diplodus sargus were recorded from the Azores Islands. All of them were caught alive and survived severe mauls caused by predators or by accidents with propellers, fishing nets. The NE Atlantic records, although possibly caused by natural predation, are more probably than not the result of negative interactions with human activity. Numerous records of mauled fish species from both regions show that the problem with adverse effects of fisheries is quite important. Predatory and con-specific injuries obviously are compatible with basic fish vital functions of described cases. The problem with negative anthropogenic interactions seems to be insufficiently investigated and need more attention by responsible managers and decision makers.

Keywords: Black Sea, North Atlantic, mauls, predation, human activity

References

Aydın, I. (2012) The external abnormalities of hatchery-reared Black Sea flounder (Platichthys flesus luscus Pallas, 1814) in Turkey. Turk. J. Fish. Aqua. Sci. 12: 127-133.

Bateman, K.S., Stentiford, G.D., Feist, S.W. (2004) A ranking system for the evaluation of intersex condition in European flounder (Platichthys flesus). Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 23: 2831–2836.

Bowman, R.E., Stillwill, C.E., Michaels, W.L., Grosslein, M.D. (2000) Food of Northwest Atlantic Fishes and Two Common Species of Squid. US Dep. Commerce, NOAA Tech Memo NMFS NE 155, 137 pp.

Birkun A., Jr. (2002) Interactions between cetaceans and fisheries in the Black Sea. In: Cetaceans of the Mediterranean and Black Seas: State of Knowledge and Conservation Strategies (ed. G. Notarbartolo di Sciara). A report to the ACCOBAMS Secretariat, Monaco, February 2002, Section 10, 11 pp.

Buckel, J.A. (1997) Impact of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) predation on estuarine and continental shelf fishes. Ph.D. dissertation, State University of New York, Stony Brook, N.Y.

Buckel, J.A., Conover, D.O. (1997) Movements, feeding periods, and daily ration of piscivorous young-of-the-year bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the Hudson River estuary. Fish. Bull. U.S. 95: 665–679.

Campo, D., Mostarda, E., Castriota, L., Scarabello, M.P., Andaloro, F. (2006) Feeding habits of the Atlantic bonito, Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793) in the southern Tyrrhenian Sea. Fish Res 81: 169–175.

Champagne, C.E., Austin, J.D., Jelks, H.L., Jordan, F. (2008) Effects of fin clipping on survival and position-holding behavior of brown darters, Etheostoma edwini. Copeia 4: 916-919.

Drucker, E.G., Lauder, G.V. (2004) Locomotor function of the dorsal fin in teleost fishes: experimental analysis of wake forces in sunfish. J. Exp. Biol. 17: 2943-2958.

Flammang, B.E., Lauder, G.V. (2013) Pectoral fins aid in navigation of a complex environment by bluegill sunfish under sensory deprivation conditions. J. Exp. Biol. 216(16): 3084-3089.

Fletcher, N., Batjakas, I.E., Pierce, G.J. (2013) Diet of the Atlantic bonito Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1973) in the Northeast Aegean Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 29(5): 1030-1035.

Forster, G.R. (1967) A note on two rays lacking part of the snout. J. Mar. Biol. 47: 499–500.

Froese, R. (2006) Cube law, condition factor and weight-length relationships: history, meta-analysis and recommendations. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22(4): 241–253.

Froese, R., Pauly, D. (2013) FishBase. Available at: http:// www.fishbase.org, (accessed on 5 June 2013).

Fu, S.J., Peng, Z., Cao, Z.D., Peng, J.L., He, X.K. (2012) Habitat-specific locomotor variation among Chinese hook snout carp (Opsariichthys bidens) along a river. PLoS ONE 7(7): e40791.

Fu, C., Cao, Z.D., Fu, S.J. (2013) The effects of caudal fin loss and regeneration on the swimming performance of three cyprinid fish species with different swimming capacities. J. Exp. Biol. 216: 3164-3174.

Hale, R.C., La Guardia, M.J. Harvey, E.P., Mainor, T.M., Duff, W.H., Gaylor, M.O. (2008) Polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants in Virginia freshwater fishes (USA). Env. Sci. Tech. 35: 4585–4591.

Hara, S., Özongun, M., Güneş, E., Ceylan, B. (2002) Broodstock rearing and spawning of Black Sea turbot, Psetta maxima. Turk. J. Fish. Aqua. Sci. 2: 9-12.

Harris, J.E. (1937) The mechanical significance of the position and movements of the paired fins in the teleostei. Papers Tortugas Lab., Carnegie Inst. 31: c 173-189.

Harris, J.E. (1938) The role of the fins in the equilibrium of swimming fish II. The role of the pelvic fins. J. Exp. Biol. 15: 32-47.

Helfman, G.S., Collete, B.B., Facey, D.E. (1997) The Diversity of Fishes Blackwell Science, London, 529 pp.

Hernandez-Urcera, J., Torres-Nunez, S., Magadan-Mompó, J.D., Barreiro, the Wall-Lois, R., Cal, Rotllant, J. (2011) Comparison of the incidence of skeletal malformations between morphological and turbot (Scophthalmus maximus l.) Diploid and triploid http://agris.fao.org/aos/records/ES2015B02161.

Higham, T. E. (2007) Feeding, fins and braking maneuvers: locomotion during prey capture in centrarchid fishes. J. Exp. Biol. 210: 107-117.

Honma, Y. (1994) Droplets from the Sado Marine Biological Station, Niigata. Rep. Sado Mar. Biol. Stat., Niigata Univ. (24): 11-21.

Honma, Y., Sugihara, C. (1971) A stingray, Dasyatis akajei, with aberrant pectoral fins from the Japan Sea. J. Ichthyol. 18: 187-189.

Ivanov, L.S., Beverton, R.J.H. (1985) The Fisheries Resources of the Mediterranean. Part two: Black Sea. FAO Studies and Reviews 60, 135 pp.

Jayne, B.C., Lozada, A., Lauder, G.V. (1996) Function of the dorsal fin in bluegill sunfish: motor patterns during four locomotor behaviors. J. Morphol. 228: 307-326.

Karapetkova, M. (1980) Morphological characteristics of the Black-Sea turbot Scophthalmus maeoticus (Pallas). Hydrobiologia (12): 73–78. (in Bulgarian).

Karapetkova, M., Givkov, M. (2006) Fishes in Bulgaria. Gea Libris, 216 pp.

Kieffer, J.D. (2010) Perspective-exercise in fish: 50+ years and going strong. Compar. Bioch. Phys. Part A. 156: 163–168.

Kohno, H., Moteki, M., Yoseda, K., Şahin, T., Üstündağ, C. (2001) Development of swimming and feeding functions in larval turbot, Psetta maxima, reared in the laboratory. Turk. J. Fish. Aqua. Sci. 1: 7-15.

Kuhlmann, D., Quantz, G., Witt, U. (1981) Rearing of turbot larvae (Scopthalmus maximus) on cultured food organisms and post metamorphosis growth on natural and artificial food. Aquaculture 23: 183-196.

Lauder, G.V. (2000) Function of the caudal fin during locomotion in fishes: kinematics, flow visualization, and evolutionary patterns. Amer. Zool. 40(1): 101-122.

Lauder, G.V., Nauen, J.C., Drucker, E.G. (2002) Experimental hydrodynamics and evolution: function of median fins in ray-finned fishes. Integr. Comp. Biol. 42: 1009-1017.

Lythgoe, J., Lythgoe, G. (1991) Fishes of the Sea: The North Atlantic and Mediterranean. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. Matthew, H.G., Ho, R.K., Hale, M.E. (2011) Movement and function of the pectoral fins of the larval zebrafish (Danio rerio) during slow swimming. J. Exp. Biol. 214: 3111-3123.

Mejía-Falla, P.A., Navia, A.F., (2011) Relationship between body size and geographic range size of elasmobranchs from the Tropical Eastern Pacific: An initial approximation for their conservation. Ciencias Marinas 37(3): 305–321.

M’hadhbi, L., Boumaiza, M. (2010) Acute toxicity of diazinon on turbot (Psetta maxima) embryos and larvae Air, Water and soil pollution Congress, Imola http://Www.Geolab-Onlus.Org/Html/Airwatersoilpollution-Imola2010.

Plaut, I. (2000) Effects of fin size on swimming performance, swimming behavior and routine activity of zebrafish Danio rerio. J. Exp. Biol. 203: 813- 820.

Plaut, I. (2001) Critical swimming speed: its ecological relevance comparative biochemistry and physiology Part A. Mol. Integ. Phys. 131(1): 41–50.

Romer, A.S. (1966) Vertebrate Paleontology, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois, 468 pp.

Rosenberg, A.A., Haugen, A.S. (1982) Individual growth and size-selective mortality of larval turbot, Scophthalmus maximus, reared in enclosures. Marine Biology 72: 73-77.

Sampson, D., Ak, O., Cardinale, M., Chashchyn, O., Damalas, D., Dagtekin, M., Daskalov, G., Duzgunes, E., Genç, Y., Gucu, A.C., Gumus, A., Maximov, V., Osio, G.C., Panayotova, M., Radu, G., Raykov, V., Yankova, M., Zengin, M. (2014) Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries – Black Sea Assessments (STECF-14-14). Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg, EUR – Scientific and Technical Research Series, 421 pp.

Santos, M.B, Fernandez, R., Lopez, A., Martinez, J.A., Pierce, G.J. (2007) Variability in the diet of bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, in Galician Waters, North-Western Spain, 1990-2005. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. UK. 87: 231- 241.

Schulz, U.H. (2003) Effects of surgically implanted dummy transmitters on the South American catfish Jundiá (Rhamdia quelen). Braz. J. Biol. (63): 2.

Serena, F. (2005) Field Identification Guide to the Sharks and Rays of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 68 pp.

Sinclair, E.L.E., Ward, A.J.W., Seebacher, F. (2011) Aggression-induced fin damage modulates trade-offs in burst and endurance swimming performance of mosquito fish. J. Zool. 283: 243-248.

Spectorova, L.V., Spectorova, L.V., Aronovich, T.M., Doroshev, S.I., Popova, V.P. (1974) Artificial breeding of the Black Sea turbot larvae (Scophthalamus maeoticus). Aquaculture 4(4): 329-340. Spectorova, L.V., Doroshev, S. I. (1976) Experiments on the artificial rearing of the black sea turbot (Scophthalmus maeoticus maeoticus). Aquaculture 9: 275- 286.

Standen, E.M. (2008) Pelvic fin locomotor function in fishes: three-dimensional kinematics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). J. Exp. Biol. 211(18): 2931-2942.

Standen, E.M., Lauder, G.V. (2005) Dorsal and anal fin function in bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus: three-dimensional kinematics during propulsion and maneuvering. J. Exp. Biol. 208: 2753-2763.

Templeman, W. (2011) Some anormalities in skates (Raja) of the Newfoundland Area. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. (22)1: 237-238.

Webb, P.W. (1973) Effects of partial caudal-fin amputation on the kinematics and metabolic rate of underyearling sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) at steady swimming speeds. J. Exp. Biol. 59: 565-582.

Webb, P. W. (1977) Effects of median-fin amputation on fast-start performance of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). J. Exp. Biol. 68: 123-135.

Webb, P.W. (2002) Control of posture, depth, and swimming trajectories of fishes. Integ. Comp. Biol. 42: 94-101.

Webb, P.W. (2006) Stability and maneuverability. In: Fish Physiology (eds. R. E. Shadwick, G. V. Lauder). Elsevier Press, San Diego pp.281-332.

Weihs, D. (2002) Stability versus maneuverability in aquatic locomotion. Integr. Comp. Biol. 42(1): 127-134.

Whitfield, A., Becker, K. (2014) Impacts of recreational motorboats on fishes: A review. Mar. Poll. Bull. 83(1): 24–31.

Wilga, C.D., Motta, P.J. (1998) Conservation and variation in the feeding mechanism of the spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias. J. Exp. Biol. 201: 1345- 1358.

Wilson, S.K., Adjeroud, M., Bellwood, D.R., Berumen, M.L., Booth, D., Bozec, Y.M., Chabanet, P., Cheal, A., Cinner, J., Depczynski, M., Feary, D.A., 277 Gagliano, M, Graham, N.A.J., Halford, A.R., Halpern, B.S., Harborne, A.R., Hoey, A.S., Holbrook, S.J., Jones, G.P., Kulbiki, M., Letourneur, Y., De Loma, T.L., McClanahan, T., McCormick, M.I., Meekan, M.G., Mumby, P.J., Munday, P.L., Wilga, C.D., Motta, P.J. (1998) Feeding Mechanism of the Atlantic Guitarfish Rhinobatos lentiginosus: Modulation of Kinematic and Motor Activity”. Integrative Biology Faculty and Staff Publications. 312 pp. http://scholar commons.usf.edu/bin_facpub/312.

Winemiller, K.O. (1990) Caudal eyespots as deterrents against fin predation in the neoptropical cichlid Astronotus ocellatus. Copeia 3: 665-673.

Yang, H., Cao, Z.D., Fu, S.J. (2013) Effect of caudal amputation on swimming capacity, energy expenditure and behavior in juvenile Chinese bream, Parabramis pekinensis. Acta. Hydrobiol. Sinica 37: 157-163.

Ziskowski, J., Mercaldo-Allen, R., Pereira, J.J., Kuropat, C., Goldberg, R. (2008) The effects of fin rot disease and sampling method on blood chemistry and hematocrit measurements of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus from New Haven Harbor (1987–1990). Mar. Poll. Bull. 56(4): 740- 50.

Blocking of the upper layer flow in the Çanakkale (Dardanelles) Strait and its influence on fish catches

Murat Gündüz, Emin Özsoy                                                                                                                

Institute of Marine Sciences and Technology, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, TURKEY
Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Erdemli, TURKEY

Abstract

Migrating fish are challenged by a series of physical barriers as they pass through the Turkish Straits System (TSS) such as the strong mixing zones and blocking of water transport in the Straits. The possible influence of the Çanakkale (Dardanelles) Strait blocking on fish migration is investigated. For this purpose, a numerical ocean model of the TSS has been implemented to predict transports of water at the Çanakkale (Dardanelles) Strait. Results are used to investigate the relationship between the blocking events and wind stress magnitude and direction in the North Aegean Sea. The analysis showed that upper layer blocking occurs when the wind stress magnitude exceeds a certain threshold in the 0-70° sector. Inter-annual time-series of upper layer blocking events deduced from wind stress for the 1979-2013 periods was used as proxy variable found to be highly correlated with the fish catch in the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea.

Keywords: Çanakkale Strait, blocking events, Aegean Sea, fish catch

References

Androulidakis, Y.S., Kourafalou, V.H. (2011) Evolution of a buoyant outflow in the presence of complex topography: The Çanakkale plume (North Aegean Sea). Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans Vol.116. DOI: 10.1029/2010JC 006316.

Androulidakis, Y., Krestenitis, Y., Kourafalou, V. (2012a) Connectivity of north Aegean circulation to the Black sea water budget. Continental Shelf Research 48: 8-26.

Androulidakis, Y., Kourafalou, V., Krestenitis, Y., Zervakis, V. (2012b) Variability of deep water mass characteristics in the North Aegean Sea: The role of lateral inputs and atmospheric conditions. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 67: 55-72.

Beşiktepe, ޸Özsoy, E., Ünlüata, Ü. (1993) Filling of the Marmara Sea by the Çanakkale lower layer inflow. Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers 40: 1815-1838.

Bleck, R. (2002) An oceanic general circulation model framed in hybrid isopycnic-Cartesian coordinates. Ocean Modelling 4: 55-88.

Ceyhan, T., Akyol, O., Ayaz, A., Juanes, F. (2007) Age, growth, and reproductive season of bluefish (Pomatomus saltatrix) in the Marmara region, Turkey. ICES Journal of Marine Science 64: 531-536.

Choi, B.J., Wilkin, J.L. (2007) The effect of wind on the dispersal of the Hudson river plume. Journal of Physical Oceanography 37: 1878-1897.

Dee, D.P., Uppala, S.M., Simmons, A.J. (2011) The era-interim reanalysis: configuration and performance of the data assimilation system. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 137: 553-597.

Deveciyan, K. (2006) Fish and Fisheries in Turkey (translated from 1915 original Pêche et Pêcheries en Turquie) Aras, İstanbul, 455 pp. (in Turkish)

Erdoğan, N., Düzgüneş, E., Hoşsucu, H. (2005) EU Fisheries Statistics and Turkey. Journal of Turkish Marine Life 4: 180-185. (in Turkish)

Ertan, A. (2010) Fishing in the İstanbul Strait, Istanbul. Archaeology and Art Publications, Istanbul, 148 pp. (in Turkish)

Gündüz, M., Özsoy, E. (2014) Modelling seasonal circulation and thermohaline structure of the Caspian Sea. Ocean Science 10: 459-471.

Jarosz, E., Teague, W. J., Book, J.W., Besiktepe, S.T. (2012) Observations on the characteristics of the exchange flow in the Çanakkale Strait. Journal of Geophysical Research 117: C11012.

Kara, A., Hurlburt, H., Wallcraft, A., Bourassa, M. (2005) Black sea mixed layer sensitivity to various wind and thermal forcing products on climatological time scales. Journal of Climate 18: 5266-5293.

Keskin, C. (2012) A preliminary study on juvenile fishes in the Istanbul Strait (İstanbul). Journal of Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 18: 58-66.

Kovalev, A., Mazzocchi, M., Siokou-Frangou, I., Kideys, A. (2001) Zooplankton of the Black sea and the Eastern Mediterranean: similarities and dissimilarities. Mediterranean Marine Science 2: 69-77.

Latif, M., Özsoy, E., Oguz, T., Unluata, U. (1991) Observations of the Mediterranean inflow into the Black Sea. Black Sea Oceanography: Results from the 1988 Black Sea Expedition. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers 38 (2): 711-723.

Moraitou-Apostolopoulou, M. (1976) Influence de la Mer Noir sur la Composi tion de la Faune P1 anctonique (Copepodes) de la Mer Egee. Acta Adriatica XVIII (16): 271-274.

Oğuz, T., Ozsoy, E., Latif M.A., Sur, H.I., Unluata U. (1990) Modelling of hydraulically controlled exchange flow in the İstanbul Strait. Journal of Physical Oceanography 20: 945-965.

Oğuz, T., Öztürk, B. (2011) Mechanisms impeding natural mediterranization process of Black Sea fauna. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 17(3): 234-253.

Özsoy, E., Latif, M., Sur, H., Goryachkin, Y. (1996) A review of the exchange flow regime and mixing in the İstanbul strait. Bulletin de l’Institut oc´eanographique, 187–204.

Özsoy, E., Latif, M.A., Beşiktepe, Ş., Çetin, N., Gregg, N., V., B., Goryachkin, Y., Diaconu, V. (1998) The İstanbul Strait: exchange fluxes, currents and sealevel changes. In: Ecosystem Modeling as a Management Tool for the Black Sea (eds., L. Ivanov, T. Oğuz), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht. Volume 1 of NATO Science Series 2: Environmental Security 47, 367 pp.

Özsoy, E., Di Iorio, D., Gregg, M., Backhaus, J. (2001) Mixing in the İstanbul Strait and the Black Sea continental shelf: observations and a model of the dense water outflow. Journal of Marine Systems 31: 99-135.

Öztürk, B., Öztürk, A.A. (1996) On the biology of the Turkish Straits System. Bulletin de l’Institut oceanographique no special 17: 205-221.

Polat, S., Tuğrul, S. (1995) Nutrient and organic carbon exchanges between the Black and Marmara Seas through the İstanbul Strait. Continental Shelf Research 15: 1115-1132.

Rosel, P.E., Frantzis, A., Lockyer, C., Komnenou, A. (2003) Source of Aegean Sea harbour porpoises. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 247: 257-261.

Tarkan, A. (2000) Abundance and distribution of zooplankton in coastal area of Gokceada island (Northern Aegean Sea). Turkish Journal Marine Sciences 6: 201-214.

Tonay, A.M., Dede, A. (2013) First stranding record of a harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in the Southern Aegean Sea. Journal of the Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment 19: 132-137.

Whitney, M.M., Garvine, R.W. (2006) Simulating the Delaware Bay buoyant outflow: comparison with observations. Journal of Physical Oceanography 36: 3-21.

Zervakis, V., Georgopoulos, D., Drakopoulos, P.G. (2000) The role of the north Aegean in triggering the recent Eastern Mediterranean climatic changes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 105: 26103-26116.

Biochemical composition of some red and green seaweeds from Iskenderun Bay, the northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey

Funda Turan, Senem Ozgun, Selin Sayın, Gul Ozyılmaz

Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Mustafa Kemal, Iskenderun, Hatay, TURKEY
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature, University of Mustafa Kemal, Hatay, TURKEY

Abstract

The present study was aimed to determine total protein, total carbohydrate, total phenolic substances and pigment contents of some red and green seaweed or macroalgae collected from Iskenderun Bay, the northeastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey between April-June 2013. Totally five seaweed samples, three red (Janiarubens, Laurencia papillosa, Laurencia obtusa) and two green (Ulva lactuca, Codium fragile), were analyzed. The highest protein content was obtained from L. obtusa (142.94±3.24 mg g-1) whereas the lowest protein content was obtained from J. rubens (13.82±0.58 mg g-1). The carbohydrate yields of macroalgae varied from 155.23±1.79 to 643.93±4.68 mg g-1, the maximum carbohydrate concentration was recorded from green alga, C. fragile, (643.93±4.68 mg g-1) followed by green alga, U. lactuca, (506.69±9.19 mg g-1). The total phenolic contents of seaweed varied from 0.053±0.01 to 0.529±0.11 mg g-1 and the maximum phenolic substance content was recorded from L. obtusa (0.529±0.11 mg g-1). The green alga, U. lactuca, showed the highest Chlorophyll-a and carotene content (2.905±0.12 and 0.941±0.04 mg g-1 respectively) among these seaweeds.

Keywords: Biochemical composition, red seaweed, green seaweed, Iskenderun Bay

 References

Ahmad, F., Sulaiman, M.R., Saimon, W., Yee, C.F., Matanjun, P. (2012) Proximate compositions and total phenolic contents of selected edible seaweed from Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia. Borneo Science 31:74-83.

AOAC (2000) Official Methods of Analysis. 17th Edition Vol II. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., Wash. D.C., USA.

Banerjee, K., Ghosh, R., Homechaudhuri, S., Mitra, A. (2009) Seasonal variation in the biochemical composition of red seaweed (Catenella repens) from Gangetic delta, northeast coast of India. Journal of Earth Systematic Science 118 (5):497-505.

Bravo, L. (1998) Polyphenols: chemistry, dietary source, metabolism, and nutritional significance. Nutrition Reviews 56: 317–333.

Burtin, P. (2003) Nutritional value of seaweed. Electr. J. Environ. Agr. Food Chem. 2: 498-503.

Cao, G., Sofic, E., Prior, R.L. (1997) Antioxidant and pro-oxidant behavior of flavanoids: Structureactivity relationship. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 22: 749-760.

Chakraborty, S., Santra, S.C. (2008) Biochemical composition of eight benthic algae collected from Sunderban. India Journal of Marine Science 37: 329-332.

Dubois, M., Giles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebors, P.A., Smith, F. (1956) Calorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical Chemist 28: 350-356.

Durmaz, Y., Duyar, H.A., Gökpınar, S., Ogretmen,Y.O., Bandarra, N. (2008) Research on fatty acids, α-tocopherol and total pigment content of the Ulva spp. (Sinop-Turkey, Black Sea). J. Fisheries Sciences 2(3): 350-356.

Gressler, V., Fujii, M.T., Martins, A.P., Colepicolo, P., Mancini-Filhod, J. Pintoa, E. (2011) Biochemical composition of two red seaweed species grown on the Brazilian coast. J. Sci Food Agricult. 91: 1687-1692.

Haroon, A.M., Szaniawska, A., Normant, M., Janas, U. (2000) The biochemical composition of Enteromorpha spp. from the Gulf of Gdańsk coast on the outhern Baltic Sea. Oceanologia 42(1):19-28.

Holdt, S.L., Kraan, S. (2011) Bioactive compounds in seaweed: functional food applications and legislation. Journal of Applied Phycology 23:543-597.

Khairy, H.M., El-Shafay, S.M. (2013) Seasonal variations in the biochemical composition of some common seaweed species from the coast of Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt. Oceanologia 55(2): 435-452.

Kumar, C.S., Ganesan, P., Suresh, P.V., Bhaskar, N. (2008) Seaweeds as a source of nutritionally beneficial compounds, a review. Journal of Food Science Technology 45:1-13.

Lenanton, R.C.J., Robertson, A.I., Hansen, J.A. (1982) Near shore accumulations of detached macrophytes as nursery areas for fish. Marine Ecology Progress Series 9: 51-57.

Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., Randall R.J. (1951) Protein Measurement with the Folin Phenol Reagent. Journal of Biology Chemistry 193: 265-275.

Manivannan, K., Thirumaran, G., Devi, G.K., Hemalatha, A., Anantharaman, P. (2008) Biochemical composition of seaweeds from Mandapam coastal regions along southeast coast of India. Am-Euras Journal of Botanic 1:32-37.

Matanjun, P., Mohamed, S., Mustapha, N.M., Muhammad, K. (2009) Nutrient content of tropical edible seaweeds, Eucheuma cottonii, Caulerpa lentillifera and Sargassum polycystum. Journal of Applied Phycology 21(1): 9326-9329.

Mohamed, S., Hashim, S.N., Rahman, H.A. (2012) Seaweeds: a sustainable functional food for complementary and alternative therapy. Trends Food Science Techology 23: 83–96.

Olgunoğlu, M.P., Polat, S. (2007) Seasonal changes of heavy metals in two macroalgae species [Cystoseira corniculata (Phaeophyta), Laurencia papillosa (Rhodophyta)] in Iskenderun Bay. E.U. Journal of Fisheries Aquatic Science 24(1-2): 25-30. (in Turkish)

Ortiz, J., Romero, N., Rober,t P., Araya, J., Lopez-Hernández, J., Bozzo, C., Navarrete, E., Osorio, A., Rios, A. (2006) Dietary fiber, amino acid, fatty acid and tocopherol contents of the edible seaweeds Ulva lactuca and Durvillaea antarctica. Food Chemistry 99: 98-104.

Ozvarol, Y. (2009) Determination of the macrobenthic sea flora from Eastern Mediterranean Coast of (Gazipaşa- Alexander). Master Thesis. Süleyman Demirel University, Science Institute. 130 pp. (in Turkish)

Ozyılmaz, G. (2005) Immobilization and Characterization of Glucose oxidase and Catalase. Doctoral Thesis, Cukurova University, Science Institute. 175 pp. (in Turkish).

Polat, S., Ozogul, Y. (2008) Biochemical composition of some red and brown macro algae from the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. Int. Journal of Food Science Nutrition 59(7–8): 566-572.

Polat, S., Ozogul Y. (2009) Fatty acid, mineral and proximate composition of some seaweeds from the northeastern Mediterranean coast. Italian Journal of Food Science 21: 317-324.

Polat, S., Ozogul, Y. (2013) Seasonal proximate and fatty acid variations of some seaweeds from the northeastern Mediterranean coast. Oceanologia 55(2): 375-391.

Renaud, S.M., Luong-Van, J.T. (2006) Seasonal variation in the chemical composition of tropical Australian marine macroalgae. Journal of Applied Phycology 18:381-387.

Rohani-Ghadikolaei, K., Abdulalian, E., Ng, W.K. (2012) Evaluation of the proximate, fatty acid and mineral composition of representative green, brown and red seaweeds from the Persian Gulf of Iran as potential food and feed resources. Journal of Food Science Technology 49(6): 774-780.

Sánchez, M.D., Mantell, C., Rodríguez, M., Martínez de la Ossa, E., Lubián, L.M. Montero, O. (2005) Supercritical fluid extraction of carotenoids and chlorophyll a from Nannochloropsis gaditana. Journal Food Engineering 66: 245-251.

Stirk, W.A., Reinecke, D.L., Staden, J.V. (2007) Seasonal variation in antifungal, antibacterial and acetylcholinesterase activity in seven South African seaweeds. Journal of Applied Phycology 19: 271-276.

Taşkın, E., Öztürk, M., Kurt, O., Öztürk, M. (2001) Check list of marine flora of Turkey. Phycologia 40(4):71.

Trono, J.G.C. (1999) Diversity of the seaweed flora of the Philippines and its utilization. Hydrobiologia 398/399: 1-6.

Tomoselli, L. (1997) Morpohology, ultrastructure and taxonomy of Arthrospira (Spirulina): The Basic Concept. In: Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira) Physiology, Cell-Biology and Biotechnology (ed., A. Vonshak). Taylor and Francis Ltd. Great Britain, pp.1-15.

Wijesinghe, W.A.J.P., Jeon, Y.J. (2012) Extraction (EAE) of bioactive components: A useful approach for recovery of industrially important metabolites from seaweeds. Fitoterapia 83:6-12.

Yıldırım, Z.D. (2010) Determination of Seasonal and Regional Variation of Biochemical Content of Some Cystoseira Species and Other Economically Valuable Phaeophyta Members in Aegean and Mediterranean Coasts. Master Thesis. Ege University, Science Institute. 61 pp.

Zemke-White, W.L., Ohno, M. (1999) World seaweed utilisation: an end-of century summary. Journal of Applied Phycology 11:369-376.

Zhang, W.W., Duan, X.J., Huang, H.L., Zhang, Y., Wang, B.G. (2007) Evaluation of 28 marine algae from the Quingdao coast for antioxidative capacity and determination of antioxidant efficiency and total phenolic content of fractions and subfractions derived from Symphyocladia latiuscula (Rhodomelaceae). Journal of Applied Phycology 19: 97-108.

Zou, N., Richmond, A. (2000) Light-path length and population density in photoacclimation of Nannochloropsis sp. (Eustigmatophyceae). Journal of Applied Phycology 12:349-354.

Zucchi, M.R., Necchi, O. (2001) Effects of temperature, irradiance and photoperiod on growth and pigment content in some freshwater red algae in culture. Phycology Research 49: 103-114.