Vol.2 – 1996 – No.3

The coastal productivity and mariculture activities in Turkey

Altan Acara, Erdoğan Okuş

Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TURKEY
Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, Atatürk Bulvarı, 221, Çankaya, Ankara, TURKEY

Abstract

The Turkish coastal regions where the edge of the seaward continental shelf lies at around the 200 m depth contour constituting a small portion of the sea that over 90 percent of the catch are taken. In these coastal regions several major distinct biogeographical regions can be identified such as the Black Sea, the Sea of Marmara, the Aegean and the Mediterranean coastal regions. This is the result of a combination of factors including primarily the influence of the warm, saline waters of the Mediterranean Sea and the relatively cool, less saline rich nutrient water of the Black Sea. The Turkish Black Sea coastal region has generally narrow continental shelf with a large fresh water input increase the productivity of the area where 80 percent of the coastal shelf annual catch are taken compare with the Mediterranean Sea where the continental shelf and fresh water input are narrow and small respectively where the catch represent about only 4 percent of the total annual catch. The Sea of Marmara coastal region is a mixing area between these two different seas and represent about 12 percent of the total annual catch. The increasing demand on living resources is growing recognition of the potential of mariculture with a certain limitations in the coastal regions of Turkey. This paper attempts to collect existing data to prepare a country report on this subject.

Keywords: Turkish coastal regions, the Black Sea, the Marmara Sea, the Aegean Sea, the Mediterranean Sea

References

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Acara, A. (1994). Fisheries Economics, Production, Price Variation, State Planning Organization, Ankara, (Turkish).

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Caddy, J.F. (1993). Toward a Comparative Evaluation of Human Impacts on Fishery Ecosystems of Enclosed and Semi-Enclosed Seas. Reviews in Fisheries Science. 1 (1): 57-95.

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Gulland, J.A. (1983). World Resources of Fisheries and their Management. Marine Ecology 5 (2). 839-1061.

Henningsen, J. (1991). Integrated Coastal Management: Challenges and Solutions. In: Proceedings of the European Coastal Conservation Conference. 19- 21 November 1991, p.p. 1-25, The Hauge.

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Lieonart, J. (1993). Trends in Mediterranean Fisheries Yields. Pollution of the Mediterranean Sea. Technical Annex to Working Document for the Meeting. 10-11 September, Corfu, Greece.

Northeidge, S. and Di Narale, A. (1991). The Environmental Effects of Fisheries in the Mediterranean. Marine Resources Assessment Group Ltd., London.

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Stanners, D. and Bourdeau, P. (1995). Europe’s Environment. p.p. 1-676.

Uyguner, B. and Gözenalp, F. (1959). Turkish Coastal Lagoons. Gen. Fish Coun. Medit. 5: 241-246.

Waldichuk, M. (1974). Coastal Marine Pollution and Fish. Ocean Management, 2: 1- 60. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam.

 

The marine coastal zone management and scientific research priorities

Altan Acara

Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TURKEY
Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, Ankara, TURKEY

Abstract

The Turkish coastal zone where the edge of the seaward continental shelf lies at about the 200 m. depth contour constituting a small portion of the sea that over 90 percent of the catch are taken, human activities are often concentrated, often least able to assimilate those activities and where adverse effects are most apparent. The coastal zones contribute wealth to the Turkish economy about $ 1.3 billion sea food industry, about $ 4.0 billion marine transportation industry and about $ 4.0 billion tourism industry which totals $ 9.3 billion annually. There is often a conflict of uses within the coastal zone where one use might have an adverse impact on another actual or potential use. The coastal zone is a system made interlinked social and natural components and processes needs an action plan for its best use, implementation and enforcement by a administrative arrangement. In Turkey, the National Marine Science and Technology Researchanmd Development Programme for the coastal zone consists eight sections. They are marine science, environmental management, science and engineering, marine technology, fisheries and aquaculture, monitoring and information, related other research activities, and international relations.

Keywords: Marine coastal zone, management, research priorities

References

Acara, A., Gözenalp, F. (1959). The Northern Lagoons of the Sea of Marmara, Gen. Fish Coun. Medit., 5: 235-239.

Acara, A. (1992). Fisheries Economics, 1985-91, Production, Price Variation. State Planning Organization, Ankara, (Turkish).

Acara, A. (1995). Fisheries Economics, Production, Price Variation, State Planning Organization, Ankara, (Turkish).

Acara, A., Okuş., (1996). The Coastal Productivity and Mariculture Activities in Turkey, Mar. Sci. 2: 185-192.

Caddy, J.F. (1993). Toward a Comparative Evaluation of Human Impacts on Fishery Ecosystems of Enclosed and Semi-Enclosed Seas, Reviews in Fisheries Science 1 (1): 57-95.

Gulland, J.A. (1983). World Resources of Fisheries and their Management, Marine Ecology 5 (2): 839-1061.

Ketchum, B.H. (1972). The Water’s Edge: Critical Problems of the Coastal Zone. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Odum, E.P. (1971). Fundamentals of Ecology, W.B. Saunders Company, London.

Stanners, D., Bourdeau, P. (1995). Europe’s Environment, p.1-676.

Uyguner, B. and Gözenalp, F. (1959). Turkish Coastal Lagoons. Gen. Fish Coun. Medit. 5: 241-246.

Waldichuk, M. (1974). Coastal Marine Pollution and Fish. Ocean Management, 2, 1-60, Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam.

Fatty acids in the blubber of the Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus (Hermann, 1779)

Zeliha Yazıcı, Bayram Öztürk

Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine,  University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TURKEY
Faculty of Fisheries, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

In this study Mediterranean monk seal, Monachus monachus oil has been examined for the first time, using capillary gas chromatography twenty-two fatty acids(FAs) were identified from monk seal oiI. Oleic ( 18: 1n-9, 24.7 %), palmitoleic (16: 1n-7, 23 %), palmitic ( 16:0, 20.8 %), miristic (14:0, 6.2 %), cis-vacsenic (18: 1n-7, 5.7 %), docosahexaenoic (22: 6n-3, 4.7 %) and erusic (22: 1 n-7, 3.1 %),eicosapentaenoic (20:5n-3, 1.3 % ) and docosapentaenoic ( 22: 5n-3. 1.2 %) acids were prominent. Combained amount of the unsaturated FAs were 133% higher then saturated. The blubber oil of the Mediterranean monk seal contained considerably less 20: 5n-3, and 22: 6n-3 than the blubbers of ringed seals (Phoca hispida) from the Baltık Sea, Spitsbergen, Lake Ladoga and Lake Saimaa. The differences among the FAs in these species could be due to different dietary factors and species.

Keywords: Fatty acids, monk seal blubber, Monachus monachus

References

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Accumulation of arsenic in goby fish (Proterorhinus marmorathus) and the effect of detergent on the accumulation

Sayhan Topçuoğlu

Çekmece Nuclear Research and Training Center, P.O. Box 1, Atatürk Airport, 34831 Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

In this study, the accumulation of arsenic was investigated in goby fish from water pathway under laboratory conditions. The bioaccumulation rate of  ⁷⁴As was found to be relatively slow. The pattern of accumulation results represented by a equation of C_t=0.23 (1-e^{-0. 1104t}). The effect of the LAS on the arsenic accumulation was also ivestigated and the result showed that the LAS had no effect significantly.

Keywords: Arsenic, accumulation, goby fish, detergent

References

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Penrose, W.R., Conacher, H.B.S., Black, R., Meranger, J.C., Miles, W., Cunninghan, H.M. and Squires, W.R. (1977). Implication of inorganic/organic interconvension on fluxes of arsenic in marine food webs. Hlth Perspectives. 19: 53-59.

Topcuoğlu, S. and Birol, E. (1982). Bioaccumulation of Sodium AIkyl Sulfate, Zinc Chloride and Their Mixture in Young Goby, Proterorhinus marmorathus Turkish Journal of Nuclear Sciences 9(3): 87-100.

Topcuoğlu, S., Birol, E. and Ünlü, M. Y. (1987). Factors Affecting the Accumulation and Elimination of Silver (^110mAg) in Marine lsopods. Environm. Res. 21 (3 ): 189-199.

Topcuoğlu, S., Erentürk, N., Saygı, N., Kut, D., Esen, N., Başsarı, A. and Seddigh, E. (1990). Trace Metal Levels of Fish from the Marmara and Black Sea. And Environ. Chemistry 29: 95-99.

Topcuoğlu, S., Ünlü, M.Y., Bulut, A.M., Sadıkoğlu, N. (1992). Küçükçekmece Gölünde Deterjan Kirliliği ve Toksisitesi. 8. Kimya ve Kimya Müh.Simpoz.İstanbul, 7-11 Eylül 1972. 183-187.

Topcuoğlu, S., Kut, D., Erentürk, N., Esen, N., Saygı, N. (1995). Hamsi, Lüfer, Atlantik Uskumrusu ve Yunus Balıklarında Bazı Elementlerin Seviyeleri. J.of Engin. And Environ. Sciences, 19: 307-310.

Ünlü, M. Y. and Topcuoğlu, S. (1977). Determination of LC50 and estimation of safe level of LAS detergents for larvae of two fish species in Küçükçekmece Lagoon. ÇNAEM Report No.l72.

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Gas-charged late quaternary sediments in Strait of Çanakkale (Dardanelles)

Bedri Alpar, Hüseyin Yüce, Ertuğrul Doğan

Istanbul University, Institute of Marine Sciences and Management, 34470 Vefa, Istanbul, TURKEY
Department of Navigation, Hydrography and Oceanography, 81647 Çubuklu, Istanbul, TURKEY

Abstract

The nature of bottom sediments in the Strait of Çanakkale (Dardanelles) depends on the interaction of the channel geometry and flow conditions. The sand-size sediments are found in narrow parts of the strait’s channel where high-energy conditions prevail. Such high-energy flow sections of the channel include the narrows of Çanakkale and Nara. Sand and silty sand are also distributed in narrow bands along both shores of the channel. Terrigenous mud is the major sediment type covering deeper and wider parts of the strait channel where bottom currents are relatively weak. Shallow seismic profiling shows the presence of two main seismic sedimentary sequences in the Dardanelles; late Quaternary sediments and acoustic basement. These are separated by an erosional truncation surface. The late Quaternary sediments consists of at least three sediment sub-units. These sub-units can be interpreted as Holocene posttransgression marine deposits (A₁), basinward-prograding deltaic sediments deposited during the Würm glaciation (A₂), and basal transgressive marine sediments (A₃), possibly Tyrrhenian age. The acoustic basement is formed from the Miocene shallow marine clastic sediments distributed widely on both sides of the strait. The lower two sub-units of the late Quaternary sediments are locally gas-charged in the wider parts of the straits channel. The origin of the gas is not adequately known: it could have heen formed by fermantation reactions during the early diagenesis of sub-unit A₃.  The channel of the strait appears to be fault controlled with the faults being generally parallel to the coast. Some faults are still active and cut the late Quaternary sediments.

Keywords: Dardanelles, gas-charged sediments, bottom sediments, shallow seismic

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